RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

Contaminant a Species
Code b
Lifestage Exposure
Route f
Table 4 - Laboratory Studies - 48
Study
Endpoint g Temp h pH Contaminant
Concentration
e
Results, Residues, Effects and/or Remarks d,e
Reference k
NMU PLWA not UNAVAIL PATH 10/50 animals developed fibro- and hemangiosarcomas, Schmidt 1980
specified
nephroblastomas and a cavernous hemangioma. No tumors of
the nervous system occurred.
NMU XELA adult IMMER PHYSIO Lacked response to allograft; response to mammalian red
blood cells (RBC) unaffected; cannot respond to
trinitrophenyl (TNP) conjugated with RBC; helper T-cell
activity is reduced or absent.
James et al. 1982
NMU XELA adult INJECT PHYSIO NMU selectively lymphotoxic in XELA. Balls et al. 1982
NMU XELA adult ORAL MORT 31 mg/100 g NMU selectively lymphotoxic in XELA. Clothier et al. 1983
NMU XELA adult INJECT MORT Only 4 of more than 1850 XELA given a single or multiple
doses of NMU developed malignant neoplasia. Other lesions,
namely sacroidosis, bilateral renal dysplasia and proliferative
myositis are described.
Clothier et al. 1983
NMU XELA toadlets INJECT MORT Mortality is high after more than 6 high doses of NMU but
animals which recover the immediate effects of NMU can
live for many years.
Clothier et al. 1983
NMU XELA toadlets ORAL MORT 31 mg/100 g NMU selectively lymphotoxic in XELA. Clothier et al. 1983
NMU XELA young
adult
INJECT MORT 9.2 mg/100 g NMU selectively lymphotoxic in XELA. Clothier et al. 1983
Nnitrosodiethanolamin
e
PLWA larvae IMMER GENOTOX 20 8 6.25-50 Dose response effect at 12.5-50 ppm. L'Haridon et al. 1993
N-
BURE adult ORAL PATH 10 /50g body Carcinogenic effects. El-Mofty and Sakr 1988
nitrosodimethylamin
wt (3x/wk for
e
5 mo)
Nnitrosodimethylamin
e
PYRE adult ORAL MORT 0-24 Organ damage; mortality within 31-45 wks at 24 mg/kg. Schmahl and Scherf 1983
nonachlor ALMI adult TISPREP DEVOBS 40 IC50= 40, inhibitor conc. necessary for 50% inhibition of
17ß-estradiol binding to estrogen receptor.
Vonier et al. 1996
nonachlor ALMI adult TISPREP DEVOBS 10.6 Trans-nonachlor: IC50= 10.6, inhibitor conc. necessary for
50% inhibition of 17ß-estradiol binding to estrogen receptor.
Vonier et al. 1996
nonachlor RAPI adult TISPREP PHYSIO Produced a decrease in the short circuit current and increased
the resistance in abdominal skin.
Webb et al. 1979 k
NPAN XELA embryo IMMER DEVOBS 0- 6 mg/L 6 mg/L produced malformations while exposure to < 5.2
mg/L resulted in no observable effects.
Greenhouse 1976a k
NPE RAES adult TISPREP PHYSIO 5 x10 -5 M Inhibited isosmotic, active transport-coupled volume flow in
leg skin.
Celentano et al. 1979 k