RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

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Table 5 - FETAX Studies - 12 Contaminant a Contaminant b Concentration b LC50 EC50 b TI d MCIG d NOEL d LOEL d Effects/Notes de Reference k isoniazid 251.0-285 At malformation inducing conc. levels: Dawson and Wilke 1991a mg/L isoniazid:semicarbazide= conc. addition (tested occurred (TU=1.0). isoniazid:6- alone) aminonicotinamide and isoniazid:retinoic acid = additive response (TU>1.0). isoniazid Ratios of measured and calculated model parameters and median conc. ranged from 0.72 - 1.44 with an average of 0.99. Shirazi and Dawson 1991 isoniazid 7.86 0.24 32.8 1.18 Bantle et al. 1994a isoniazid 9750- 9850 240-280 35-41 80-150 Dawson et al. 1989 isoniazid decreased unaffected Isoniazid-MAS decreased teratogenic Fort and Bantle 1990a 1.6 fold index 96h LC50/96hEC50 (malformation) nearly 1.8 fold. isoniazid 57.2-550 mg/L 4.23 (3.1- Mixed (3:1, 1:1, 1:3) with ß- Dawson and Wilke 1991b 5.2) mL * aminopropionitrile the LC50s were 4.06 (3.4-4.7)*, 4.23 (3.9-4.6)*, 4.16 (3.9- 4.5)*. Mixture TUs for the same ratios were 0.97, 1.01 and 1.00, respectively. (of a total exposure volume of 10 ml at 550 mg/L). isovalerianic acid 0-880 mg/L 575.3 EC50 in mixture: 56.7 (52.8-60.5) TU in Dawson 1991 (484.0- mixture for malformation: 0.099 (0.092- 682.0) 0.105). malaoxon 0.9 (0.7- mean TI (P): 10-fold more potent than malathion. Snawder and Chambers 1989 1.0) P=0.18; 4.8; TI Minimal curvature to severe notochordal G=0.26; (G): 3.4; bending. Barrel-shaped embryos. Inactive (N): 0.37 TI (N): until disturbed, then responded with 2.4 erratic movements. (p= effect of abnormal pigmentation observed; g= effect of abnormal gut observed; n= abnormal notochord). malathion Severe defects at low conc. Dose dependent decrease in length. Abnormal pigmentation, abnormal gut and notochordal bending (dose dependent) as well as dose dependent reduction of intestinal loops with a concurrent increase in anterior intestine diameter. Snawder and Chambers 1990
Contaminant a Contaminant b Concentration b LC50 malathion 10.9 (10.6- 11.3) EC50 b mean P=0.33; G=0.79; (N): 2.16 TI d TI (P): 33.2; TI (N): 5.1; TI (G): 13.8 malathion 3, 15, 30 µM 0.7 x 10 -9 M (lysyl oxidase inhibition ) Table 5 - FETAX Studies - 13 MCIG d NOEL d LOEL d Effects/Notes de 10-fold less potent than its metabolite (malaoxon). Severe edema at 10 mg/L. Minimal curvature to severe notochordal bending. Barrel-shaped embryos. Inactive until disturbed, then responded with erratic movements. Significantly shorter than controls. (p= effect of abnormal pigmentation observed; g= effect of abnormal gut observed; n= abnormal notochord). Enzyme activity was inhibited by malathion, notochords were bent and disorganized. Malathion alters posttranslational modification of collagen with resultant morphological defects in connective tissue. Reference k Snawder and Chambers 1989 Snawder and Chambers 1993 mancozeb 3.08 mg/L 0.03 mg/L Tadpole. Channing 1998 MCPA 3607 299 mg/L 2691 EC50 was 248 mg/L after 15 minutes. Vismara et al. 1996 mg/L (5 min.) mg/L MCPA 2000 mg/L 3.6 mg/L LC10=1.56 mg/L. Bernardini et al. 1996 MCPA 22.65-2900 16 h after exposure MPC=725 mg/L and Vismara and Garavaglia 1997 mg/L LU=163.2 mg/L; 24 h after exposure MPC=1450 mg/L and LU=12.78 mg/L. methimazole 10-100 µg/L 10 µg/L 25 µg/L Stage 60-66; decreased tail resorption. Fort and Stover 1997 methoprene No effect for conc. between 0.25 and 1.5 µg/L. Effects that were noted were the same as those found from retinoic acid. La Clair et al. 1998 methotrexate 230-508 20-30 11.5 - 23.1 10 - 30 Bantle et al. 1990 methyl mercury chloride 0.083 0.024 3.4 0.036 Two trials were conducted to determine Rayburn et al. 1991a mg/L mg/L mg/L the LC and EC50, TI and MCIG. The second trial resulted in 0.094 mg/L, 0.025 mg/L, 3.7 and 0.04 mg/L, respectively. Methylmercury chloride was less teratogenic than TCE. EC25(96) = 0.015 mg/L. LC50(96) = 0.088 mg/L. Mg In assays performed with the standard Mg 2+ conc. (620 µmol/L), the incidence of malformations in embryos averaged 5.4%; and increased at low Mg 2+ conc. (32±7% at 62 µmol/L. Luo et al. 1993b
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amp
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amp
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ABSTRACT Many amphibian and reptile
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PRÉFACE De nombreuses populations
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract………
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Contaminant
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INTRODUCTION Why is there a need fo
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Limitations of RATL The RATL databa
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Contaminant a Species Code b Lifest
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Table 1- Field Residues - 20 Contam
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Table 2 - Field Studies - 2 Contami
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Table 2 - Field Studies - 12 Contam
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Table 3: Acute toxicity values from
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Contaminant a Species Code b azinph
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Contaminant a Species Code b tar XE
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Table 4: Laboratory studies not inc
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Contaminant a Species Code b Cd AMG
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Page 215 and 216: Contaminant a Species Code b Lifest
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Page 261 and 262: Contaminant a Contaminant b Concent
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Page 277 and 278: Table 6: pH study data. (Studies th
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Page 281 and 282: Species Code b Lifestage Study Endp
Page 289 and 290: Table 6 - pH Studies - 13 Species C
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Table 7: Reviews of primary literat
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Table 7 - Reviews - 3 Review Title
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Table 8 - Population Status - 2 Pop
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Table Notes Note a : see Appendix 2
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References - 2 Anderson, L.M. and R
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References - 4 Bantle, J.A., D.J. F
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References - 6 Beresford, W.A. , M.
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References - 8 Bishop, C.A, P. Ng,
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References - 10 Bragg, A.N. 1964. M
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References - 12 Burke, E.M. and F.H
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References - 14 Chattopadhyay, D.P.
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References - 16 Cooke, A.S. 1974. T
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References - 18 Dash, M.C. and A.K.
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References - 20 DeWitt, J.B., D.G.
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References - 22 Dutta, S.K. and P.
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References - 24 Elisyeyeva, K.H., H
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References - 26 Fontenot, L., C. Ro
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References - 28 Frisbie, M.P. and R
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References - 30 Godet, F., M. Babut
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References - 32 Gunther, R. and J.
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References - 34 Harfenist, A., T. P
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References - 36 Herkovits, J. and C
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References - 38 Hota, A. K. and M.C
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References - 40 Johnson, C.R. 1972a
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References - 42 Karns, D.R. 1984. T
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References - 44 Kraskowski, H.V., K
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References - 46 Leblanc, G.A. and L
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References - 48 Lotshaw, D.P. 1977.
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References - 50 Massot, M., J. Clob
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References - 52 Mendonca, M., J. Sh
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References - 54 Munro, D.F. 1949. E
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References - 56 Oliveira, E.M., D.V
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References - 58 Paulov, S. 1977b. T
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References - 60 Pierce, M.E. 1958.
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References - 62 Raj, T.P., A. Jeban
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References - 64 Rolfe, G. L., A. Ha
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References - 66 Sassaman, J.F. 1978
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References - 68 Semlitsch, R.D. and
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References - 70 Sparling, D.W., T.P
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References - 72 Surova, G.S. and A.
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References - 74 Tomar, V. and A. K.
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References - 76 Vijverberg, H.P.M.,
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References - 78 White, D.H. and A.J
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References - 80 Wyman, R.L. and J.
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Appendix 1a: Species codes in alpha
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 3 Cla
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 11 Cl
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 13 Cl
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Appendix 1b - Species Common Names
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Appendix 1c - Species Scientific Na
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Appendix 2a: Contaminant codes foun
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Appendix 2a - Contaminant Codes - 3
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Appendix 2b: Contaminants sorted by
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Appendix 2b - Contaminant Type - 3
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Appendix 4: Descriptions of exposur
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Appendix 6a: Glossary of Abbreviati
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Appendix 6b: Relevant biological an
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Appendix 6b - Glossary of RATL term
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

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