RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

Table 2 - Field Studies - 28
Contaminant a Species
Code b
Lifestage Exposure
Route f
Study
Endpoint g
Pesticide
Appl. Rate
Location, Area, State,
Country c
Study
Date
Effects de
Reference k
phorate RACL adult; 2nd PESTAPP GENOTOX PQ, CAN 1993 There was no difference between Lowcock et al. 1997
and 3rd year
potato crop treated fields and
control group in terms of genotoxic
effects (chromosomal
fragmentation and abnormal DNA
profiles).
phorate RACL juvenile PESTAPP GENOTOX PQ, CAN 1993 There was no difference between
potato crop treated fields and
control group in terms of genotoxic
effects (chromosomal
fragmentation and abnormal DNA
profiles). Juveniles showed physical
deformities and illnesses.
Lowcock et al. 1997
phosmet RAPI adult and PESTAPP MORT Hamilton, Brantford , 1993-95 Phosmet was non-detectable at all Harris et al. 1998
young of
Guelph, ON, CAN
of the orchard sites; hatching
the year
success ranged from 5-100%;
survival ranged from 0-95%.
phosphamidon NTXX not PESTAPP POPSUR 1.25 lb/acre S. Louisiana, LA, USA 1961-62 There was no apparent harm to any Oliver 1964
specified
of the various species of wildlife
after control spraying for Forest
Tent Caterpillars.
phosphamidon RACA not
specified
PESTAPP POPSUR 1.25 lb/acre S. Louisiana, LA, USA 1961-62 “ Oliver 1964
phosphamidon RAPI not
specified
PESTAPP POPSUR 1.25 lb/acre S. Louisiana, LA, USA 1961-62 “ Oliver 1964
phosphamidon XXFR adult PESTAPP MORT 0.25 kg/ha rice field, India < 1973 75 % mortality.
Thirumurthi et al. 1973 k
pollution AMTI adult ENVIRON PHYSIO sewage and asphalt waste
cont lake, Playa L., TX,
< 1978 Hepatic microsomal aryl
hydrocarbon hydroxylases levels
Busbee et al. 1978
USA
were elevated; bladder contents were
mutagenic using Ames test.
k
pollution BUBU adult ENVIRON DEVOBS paper factory and
municipal gutter cont
areas, S. Sakhalin, USSR
< 1984 Developmental abnormalities and
dysplasia.
Mizgireuv et al. 1984 k
pollution BUBU adult ENVIRON PHYSIO waste water treatment,
factory oxidation pond,
< 1984 Sister chromatid exchange
frequencies of samples were
Wen et al. 1984
Shanghai, China
markedly higher than frequencies of
controls.
k
pollution CHMY adult ENVIRON POPSUR Tortuguero National Park, 1985 Both natural and artificial objects Hirth 1987
Oregon, Costa Rica
occurred on the beach at the very
high frequency of about 1 object
every 64 cm.
pollution DECO adult ENVIRON POPSUR Tortuguero National Park,
Oregon, Costa Rica
1985 “ Hirth 1987
pollution ERIM adult ENVIRON POPSUR Tortuguero National Park,
Oregon, Costa Rica
1985 “ Hirth 1987