RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

Contaminant a Species
Code b
Lifestage Exposure
Route f
Table 4 - Laboratory Studies - 61
Study
Endpoint g Temp h pH Contaminant
Concentration
e
Results, Residues, Effects and/or Remarks d,e
Reference k
Scent-Off Repellant
Buds
THRA adult DERMAL BEHAV Investigative behaviour noted. Secoy 1979
SDBSA XELA egg IMMER DEVOBS 0.1-50 No effect at 0.1 - 10 ppm. Eggs did not develop past 2 cell
stage at 50 ppm.
Dumpert 1987 k
Se RACA tadpoles IMMER RESIDUE Results not extracted from paper. Burger and Snodgrass 1998
Se XELA embryo
(gastrula)
IMMER RESIDUE 5 Uptake rapid and linear until 36 h of exposure. Linear
decrease in Se over first 24 h of depuration; rate of
depuration similar to rate of uptake.
Browne and Dumont 1979 k
Se XELA tadpoles IMMER RESIDUE 5 80 % decrease in Se content within 30 min; Se level remained
Browne and Dumont 1979
stable for next 3 d.
k
Se XELA tadpoles IMMER DEVOBS 2-20 Above 2 ppm, severe abnormalities and increased mortality.
Toxicity increased with increasing conc. up to 20 ppm.
Browne and Dumont 1979 k
Se XELA tadpoles IMMER PHYSIO 2, 5, 10 Cellular damage, disorganization and degeneration of in
epithelial muscle cells. Damage more extensive at higher
doses.
Browne and Dumont 1980 k
SLA4685 XELA adult TISPREP PHYSIO 18 4x10 -6 -2x10 -4
Increase in transmitter release and endplate potentials at
M
conc. >10 -5 Klis et al. 1991a
M in pectoral nerve-muscle.
SLA4685 XELA adult (M) TISPREP PHYSIO 20 7.4 10 -7 to 10 -4
Conc. dependent reduction of survival time of lateral-line
sense organ. No repetitive activity occurred on lateral line
sense organ when temp was lowered from 20 to 10 C.
Klis et al. 1991b
SLA4722 XELA adult TISPREP PHYSIO 18 4x10 -6 -2x10 -4
Increase in transmitter release and endplate potentials at
M
conc. >10 -5 Klis et al. 1991a
M in pectoral nerve-muscle.
SLA4722 XELA adult (M) TISPREP PHYSIO 20 7.4 10 -7 -10 -4
Effects on survival time of sciatic nerve was evident and
response time gradually declined.
Klis et al. 1991b
sodium bromide XELA < 2 d IMMER MORT 20 100 d NOEL: Morality= 32; Development= 320; Growth=
320 mg/L.
Slooff and Canton 1983 k
sodium fluoracetate PICA adult ORAL MORT fed avg. of
0.19 Mg (7
rats)
2 snakes regurgitated the rats, 5 had no observable effects. Brock 1965
sodium fluoracetate RACL adult IMMER PHYSIO 0.01- 0.1 M No action potential changes produced by up to 100 µM 0.01
and 0.10 M produced 3 and 40 % inhibition respectively of
respiration after 3 h.
Boyarsky et al. 1949 k
sodium fluoracetate TIRU adult INJECT PHYSIO 0-800 Populations of TIRU which coexist with fluoracetate-bearing
vegetation were much less sensitive to fluoracetate
intoxification than were conspecifics not exposed to the
toxic plants.
Twigg and Mead 1990
sodium fluoracetate TIRU adult INJECT PHYSIO 30-37 300 mg Reduced oxygen consumption by 2-11% in skinks. Twigg et al. 1986
sodium fluoracetate TIRU adult (M) INJECT PHYSIO 25-250 Single or multiple doses resulted in decrease in plasma
testosterone in males; decreased plasma testosterone with a
single dose of 100 - 250 mg/kg; 25 mg/kg had little effect.
Twigg et al. 1988