RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

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Appendix 3: Province, state or country name corresponding to codes in Table 1. Code Province/State/Country AL Alabama AK Alaska AB Alberta AZ Arizona AR Arkansas AUS Australia BC British Columbia CA California CAN Canada CO Colorado CT Connecticut DE Delaware FL Florida FR France GA Georgia HI Hawaii ID Idaho IL Illinois IN Indiana IA Iowa KS Kansas KY Kentucky LA Louisiana ME Maine MB Manitoba MD Maryland MA Massachusetts MI Michigan MN Minnesota MS Mississippi MO Missouri MT Montana NE Nebraska NV Nevada NB New Brunswick NJ New Jersey NM New Mexico NY New York NF Newfoundland NAM North America NC North Carolina ND North Dakota NWT Northwest Territories NS Nova Scotia OH Ohio OK Oklahoma ON Ontario OR Oregon Code Province/State/Country PA Pennsylvania PE Prince Edward Island PQ Quebec RI Rhode Island SK Saskatchewan SC South Carolina SD South Dakota TN Tennessee TX Texas USA United States UT Utah VT Vermont VA Virginia WA Washington DC Washington, D.C. WV West Virginia WI Wisconsin WY Wyoming YT Yukon
Appendix 4: Descriptions of exposure route codes used in Tables 2, 3 and 4. Exposure route assignments to studies used standard methodology classifications. See the original reference for full details of study methodology. Exposure Route Exposure Route Term Exposure Route Description DERMAL Dermal exposure Exposure of contaminant(s) to animals by direct dermal application under laboratory conditions. See paper for specific details pertaining to this study. ENVIRON Environmental Exposure of contaminant(s) in external field surroundings as a source of exposure toxicity to animals. Numerous contaminants may be involved and the source or concentration(s) may not be known. Direct exposure routes may include dermal, inhalation, and ingestion. This classification includes studies of environmental spills. FETAX Frog Embryo In standard FETAX methodology, a range-finding and three replicate tests are Teratogenesis Assay- performed on each test material. A control in which no test material has been Xenopus (FETAX) added is used to provide 1) a measure of the acceptability of the test by indicating the quality of embryos and the suitability of the FETAX solution, test conditions and handling procedures, and 2) a basis for interpreting data from other treatments. Each test consists of several different concentrations of test material with two replicate dishes of each concentration. Each of the three tests is conducted using embryos from a different male/female pair of Xenopus laevis. A reference toxicant (6-aminonicotinamide) should be used as a quality control measure. The 96 h LC50 and 96 h EC50 (malformation) are determined by probit analysis and the TI (teratogenic index) is calculated by dividing the LC50 by the EC50. Growth inhibition is determined by measuring the head-tail length of each embryo and determining whether growth at a particular concentration is significantly different from that of the control. Other useful data can be collected (eg. pigmentation, locomotion and hatchability) to expand the utility of the test. IMMER Exposure through Exposure of contaminant(s) to animals in an aqueous solution in which they immersion are submerged. This methodology is often the most common form of determining LC values under laboratory conditions. INHAL Exposure through Exposure of contaminant(s) to animals is in gaseous form under laboratory inhalation conditions. Some dermal uptake may also occur under this conditions, however primary source of uptake is reported to be inhalation. INJECT Exposure through Exposure of contaminant(s) to animals in aqueous form through injection (i.e. injection subdermal, intraperitoneal) under laboratory conditions. ORAL Oral dosing exposure Exposure of contaminant(s) to animals often in liquid form by gavage under laboratory conditions. PESTAPP Pesticide application Exposure of contaminant(s) to animals often in aqueous form sprayed in surrounding field environment. pH Exposure to altered pH Exposure of altered acidity of substrate or surrounding water to animals under laboratory or field conditions (i.e. pH = 3.0). pH+CONT Exposure to altered pH Exposure of a combination of altered acidity of substrate or surrounding water in presence of and contaminant(s) to animals under laboratory or field conditions (eg. low pH contaminant and aluminum). RAD Exposure to radiation Exposure of ultraviolet radiation to animals under laboratory or field conditions. A common laboratory study might include exposure to UV and UV-B during various larval developmental stages. SUBDERM Subdermal exposure to Exposure of contaminant(s) to animals, often in crystalline form, by surgically contaminant placing it under the skin. TISPREP Contaminant exposure Exposure of contaminant(s) to animal tissues following dissection. Common to isolated tissue studies within this category include ion transport, neurological effects or preparation hematological status investigations.
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amp
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amp
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ABSTRACT Many amphibian and reptile
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PRÉFACE De nombreuses populations
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract………
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Contaminant
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INTRODUCTION Why is there a need fo
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Limitations of RATL The RATL databa
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Contaminant a Species Code b Lifest
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Table 1- Field Residues - 20 Contam
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Table 2 - Field Studies - 2 Contami
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Table 2 - Field Studies - 12 Contam
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Table 3: Acute toxicity values from
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Contaminant a Species Code b azinph
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Contaminant a Species Code b tar XE
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Table 4: Laboratory studies not inc
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Contaminant a Species Code b Cd AMG
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Table 5: FETAX data. [FETAX (Frog E
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Table 5 - FETAX Studies - 3 Contami
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Contaminant a Contaminant b Concent
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Table 5 - FETAX Studies - 11 Contam
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Table 6: pH study data. (Studies th
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Table 6 - pH Studies - 3 Species Co
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Species Code b Lifestage Study Endp
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Table 6 - pH Studies - 13 Species C
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Table 7: Reviews of primary literat
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Table 7 - Reviews - 3 Review Title
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Table 8 - Population Status - 2 Pop
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Table Notes Note a : see Appendix 2
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References - 2 Anderson, L.M. and R
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References - 4 Bantle, J.A., D.J. F
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References - 6 Beresford, W.A. , M.
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References - 8 Bishop, C.A, P. Ng,
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References - 10 Bragg, A.N. 1964. M
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References - 12 Burke, E.M. and F.H
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References - 14 Chattopadhyay, D.P.
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References - 16 Cooke, A.S. 1974. T
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References - 18 Dash, M.C. and A.K.
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References - 20 DeWitt, J.B., D.G.
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References - 22 Dutta, S.K. and P.
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References - 24 Elisyeyeva, K.H., H
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References - 26 Fontenot, L., C. Ro
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References - 28 Frisbie, M.P. and R
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References - 30 Godet, F., M. Babut
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References - 32 Gunther, R. and J.
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References - 34 Harfenist, A., T. P
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References - 36 Herkovits, J. and C
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References - 38 Hota, A. K. and M.C
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References - 40 Johnson, C.R. 1972a
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References - 42 Karns, D.R. 1984. T
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References - 44 Kraskowski, H.V., K
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References - 46 Leblanc, G.A. and L
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References - 48 Lotshaw, D.P. 1977.
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References - 50 Massot, M., J. Clob
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References - 52 Mendonca, M., J. Sh
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References - 54 Munro, D.F. 1949. E
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References - 56 Oliveira, E.M., D.V
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References - 58 Paulov, S. 1977b. T
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References - 60 Pierce, M.E. 1958.
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References - 62 Raj, T.P., A. Jeban
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References - 64 Rolfe, G. L., A. Ha
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References - 66 Sassaman, J.F. 1978
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References - 68 Semlitsch, R.D. and
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References - 70 Sparling, D.W., T.P
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References - 72 Surova, G.S. and A.
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References - 74 Tomar, V. and A. K.
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References - 76 Vijverberg, H.P.M.,
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References - 78 White, D.H. and A.J
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References - 80 Wyman, R.L. and J.
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Appendix 1a: Species codes in alpha
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 3 Cla
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 11 Cl
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 13 Cl
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Appendix 1b - Species Common Names
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Appendix 1c - Species Scientific Na
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Page 467 and 468: Appendix 2b: Contaminants sorted by
Page 469 and 470: Appendix 2b - Contaminant Type - 3
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Page 489 and 490: Appendix 6a: Glossary of Abbreviati
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Page 493 and 494: Appendix 6b - Glossary of RATL term
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

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