RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

Table 2 - Field Studies - 32
Contaminant a Species
Code b
Lifestage Exposure
Route f
Study
Endpoint g
Pesticide
Appl. Rate
Location, Area, State,
Country c
Study
Date
Effects de
Reference k
UV-B BUWO larvae RAD POPSUR CO, USA < 1996 BUBO had more tolerance to UV-B
than BUWO between 95.8 and 273
uW/cm 2 Carey et al. 1996
.
UV-B BUWO tadpoles RAD POPSUR CO, USA < 1996 95.8-273 uW/cm 2 ; toadlets had
more tolerance than tadpoles for
UV-B radiation.
Carey et al. 1996
UV-B HYCA embryo RAD HATSUC Cold Creek, Santa Monica 1996 Solar UV-B had dramatic effects on Anzalone et al. 1998
Mntns, Los Angeles, CA,
embryonic survival, no effect on
USA
hatching time for surviving
embryos.
UV-B HYRE egg RAD MORT Victoria, BC, CAN 1995 No sig. differences between
treatments
Flamarique et al. 1998
UV-B HYRE egg RAD HATSUC ponds outside Victoria, BC, 1995 No differences in hatching success Ovaska et al. 1997
CAN
between treatments (blocked UV,
ambient sunlight, and UV-B
enhanced by 15-30%).
UV-B HYRE embryo RAD HATSUC Cold Creek, Santa Monica 1996 UV-B had no effect on hatching Anzalone et al. 1998
Mntns, Los Angeles, CA,
USA
success or time to hatch.
UV-B HYRE larvae RAD MORT ponds outside city, 1995 Reduced survival occurred for Ovaska et al. 1997
Victoria, BC, CAN
enhanced UV-B (15-30%);
treatments (18%) compared to
ambient sunlight and control
treatments.
UV-B HYRE tadpole RAD MORT Victoria, BC, CAN 1995 1 month later: 18.4% survival,
16/20 had lens opacities.
Flamarique et al. 1998
UV-B RAAU egg RAD GENOTOX Williamette Valley, OR, 1995 Hatching success was unaffected by Blaustein et al. 1996
USA
UV-B; photolyase activity was high
relative to other amphibians.
UV-B RAAU egg RAD MORT Victoria, BC, CAN 1995 Significantly high increase in egg
mortality with enhanced UV-B
treatment.
Flamarique et al. 1998
UV-B RAAU egg RAD HATSUC ponds outside city, 1995 Sig. differences in hatching success Ovaska et al. 1997
Victoria, BC, CAN
between treatments (blocked UV,
ambient sunlight) and the enhanced
UV-B (15-30%) treatment. 56%
hatched for UV-B enhanced and
90% hatched in ambient sunlight.
UV-B RAAU larvae RAD MORT ponds outside city, 1995 Reduced survival occurred for Ovaska et al. 1997
Victoria, BC, CAN
enhanced UV-B (15-30%);
treatments (2.6%) compared to
ambient sunlight and control
treatments.
UV-B RAAU tadpole RAD MORT Victoria, BC, CAN 1995 1 month later: 2.6% survival.
12/16 had lens opacities.
Flamarique et al. 1998