RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

Contaminant a Species
Code b
Lifestage Exposure
Route f
Table 4 - Laboratory Studies - 70
Study
Endpoint g Temp h pH Contaminant
Concentration
e
Results, Residues, Effects and/or Remarks d,e
Reference k
UV, DBA PLWA larvae IMMER GENOTOX 20 0-200 ppb 0 - 200 ppb= 17-25 % mean micronucleus frequency. Fernandez and L'Haridon 1992
UV, DMA PLWA larvae IMMER GENOTOX 20 0-50 ppb 0 - 50 ppb= 7-13 % mean micronucleus frequency. Fernandez and L'Haridon 1992
UV, DMBA PLWA larvae IMMER GENOTOX 20 0-50 ppb 0 - 50 ppb= 9-109 % mean micronucleus frequency. Fernandez and L'Haridon 1992
UV, methoprene RAPI embryo RAD DEVOBS 280-400 nm
µV; ND-64.4
(methoprene)
After 12-16 d exposure, mortality and deformation occurred
in varying degrees for highest methoprene conc. alone, UV
did not increase this effect.
Ankley et al. 1998
UV-B BUBO embryo RAD DEVOBS Curvature of spine and thick pigmented corneas were
observed; survival rate was also reduced.
Worrest and Kimeldorf 1975
UV-B BUBO tadpoles RAD DEVOBS 18-25 After exposure; abnormal development occurred in eyes,
integument, spine and mortality increased.
Worrest and Kimeldorf 1976
UV-B XXFR adult RAD PHYSIO 4.3-21.5 Joules % haemolysis in frog species was found to range from 1.5 to
6.0 which was smaller than that found for fish, human, lizard,
pigeon, rat or sheep.
Kumar and Joshi 1992
various EUOS adult INHAL MORT 1-2% Results not extracted from paper. Kihara and Yamashita 1978
various HEPA adult DERMAL MORT 25 3249-3728 Pesticides in soils were: BHC, dieldrin, heptachlor, DDT, Lambert 1997b
total pesticides fenitrothion, malathion, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, mevinphos,
in soil tetrachlorinphos; survived for 26.5 h when exposed to soils
contaminated with pesticides.
various MAST adult DERMAL MORT 25 3249-3728 Pesticides in soils were: BHC, dieldrin, heptachlor, DDT, Lambert 1997b
total pesticides fenitrothion, malathion, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, mevinphos,
in soil tetrachlorinphos; survived for 33.5 h when exposed to soils
contaminated with pesticides.
various RACA tadpole TISPREP PHYSIO At the time of foreleg emergence, intracellular colloid Kaltenbach and Lee 1977
(stage 20-
droplets increased in number, large dense lysosomal vacuoles
24)
appeared; serum T4 levels increased about 10-fold over
earlier larval stages and then dropped, suggesting production
of thyroglobulin.
various TOCR adult DERMAL MORT 25 3249-3728 100% mortality within 40 min (pesticides in soil were BHC, Lambert 1997b
total pesticides dieldrin, heptachlor, DDT, fenitrothion, malathion, diazinon,
in soil chlorpyrifos, mevinphos, tetrachlorinphos).
vasotocin AMTI larvae IMMER PHYSIO Vasotocin reduced glomerular filtration rate from 127 to 92
µl/10g-hr.
Stiffler et al. 1981
verbenalol RATE tadpoles IMMER MORT 15 15 ppm and greater lethal.
Paulov et al. 1985 k
vinclozolin ALMI egg DERMAL PHYSIO 0.14-14 No effect on endocrine system of hatchlings. Crain et al. 1997
warfarin PICA adult ORAL MORT 11 rats, fed
avg. of 5.27
Mg
No effects were observed on snakes. Brock 1965
waste water BUAN tadpoles IMMER PHYSIO Control frequencies of micronucleated erythrocytes was 4.4 -
4.68/1000. Exposed tadpoles exhibited a sig. elevated
frequency at 17.01/1000.
Weishun and Ruifang 1992