RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

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Contaminant a Species Code b Lifestage Exposure Route f Table 4 - Laboratory Studies - 56 Study Endpoint g Temp h pH Contaminant Concentration e Results, Residues, Effects and/or Remarks d,e Reference k phenobarbital CHPI adult INJECT PHYSIO Purified turtle P450 fractions may be useful in further studies of the catalytic function of the inducible proteins. Yawetz et al. ? phenobarbital PLWA larvae IMMER GENOTOX 50 -100 Frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes: 50 ppm= 12/1000; 100 ppm= 14/1000. Fernandez et al. 1989 phenol RAPI adult TISPREP PHYSIO 0.1% v/v Phenol replaced control Ringer's after an equilibration period Blankemeyer and Bowerman of 110 min. 1993 phenol XELA embryo IMMER DEVOBS 50 No teratogenic effects. No effects on embryos at 50 ppm, but Dumpert 1987 animals died within 5 d to 3 wk of completing embryonal development. k phenol XXFR adult INJECT MORT 50-100 For these conc. mortality ranged from 10% to 96.6%. Tripod 1947 phenothrin DEMA neonate IMMER BEHAV Insecticide spray applied to cages for snake mite pest control. Williams 1989 Magnified symptoms of individuals which ate large meals may have been due to contamination of food animals. Phenothrin LIMA neonate IMMER BEHAV Insecticide spray applied to cages for snake mite pest control. Williams 1989 Magnified symptoms of individuals which ate large meals may have been due to contamination of food animals. Phenothrin PSCO neonate IMMER BEHAV Insecticide spray applied to cages for snake mite pest control. Williams 1989 Magnified symptoms of individuals which ate large meals may have been due to contamination of food animals. Phenothrin PSGU neonate IMMER BEHAV Insecticide spray applied to cages for snake mite pest control. Williams 1989 Magnified symptoms of individuals which ate large meals may have been due to contamination of food animals. Phenothrin PSPO neonate IMMER BEHAV Insecticide spray applied to cages for snake mite pest control. Williams 1989 Magnified symptoms of individuals which ate large meals may have been due to contamination of food animals. Phenothrin PSTE neonate IMMER BEHAV Insecticide spray applied to cages for snake mite pest control. Williams 1989 Magnified symptoms of individuals which ate large meals may have been due to contamination of food animals. phenothrin XELA adult TISPREP PHYSIO 18 7.3 10 -4 - 10 -6 1-4 end plate potentials and no repetitive activity with Ruigt and Van den Bercken respect to action potentials. 1986 phenothrin XELA adult TISPREP PHYSIO 18 7.3 3 x10 -5 15-30 end plate potentials and no repetitive activity with Ruigt and Van den Bercken respect to action potentials. 1986 phentolamine AMTI larvae IMMER PHYSIO Did not alter glomerular filtration rate. Stiffler et al. 1981 phosalone RATI adult ORAL PHYSIO 1-50 mg Higher alkaline phosphatase activity in test groups indicated the requirement and release of proteins and other energy metabolites causing toxic stress. Ramalingam and Antony 1990 phosalone RATI adult IMMER PHYSIO 9 Inhibition of AChe activity. Balasundaram and Selvarajan 1990 phosalone RATI adult ORAL BEHAV Inhibitory effects on frequency of hopping may be attributed Antony and Ramalingham to disturbances along nerve paths hindering motor activity. 1990
Contaminant a Species Code b Lifestage Exposure Route f Table 4 - Laboratory Studies - 57 Study Endpoint g Temp h pH Contaminant Concentration e Results, Residues, Effects and/or Remarks d,e Reference k phosalone RATI adult (M) INJECT PHYSIO log conc.= Diminished ATPase activity in six distinct CNS Balasundaram et al. 1995 1.25-10.0 g/kg compartments. phosalone TRCC adult IMMER DEVOBS 15-20 0-800 mg/L Growth delay at highest conc.; higher frequency of skeletal anomalies at all conc. Arias et al. 1989 phosdrin RAPI adult IMMER PHYSIO 6-20 Anemia, leucopenia, lymphocytosis, neutropenia, decreased activity and flaccid paralysis. Kaplan and Glaczenski 1965 k phosphamidon CAVE adult (M) ORAL PHYSIO Haemotoxic potential observed at greater than 0.77 mg/kg body weight. Meenakshi et al. 1996a physostigmine XXFR adult TISPREP PHYSIO Inhibition of ACh was recorded and compared to that found in chicken and rat brain. Andersen et al. 1977 pig manure RATE adult (M) DERMAL BEHAV Frogs exposed to relatively high moisture content pig manure Oldham et al. 1993 resulted in high lung and buccal ventilation rates within 15 min. pindone OLMA adult ORAL BEHAV 25 0.02 g over 2 d Doses used as bait are unlethal to skinks. Sublethal effects are undocumented. Freeman et al. 1996 piper nigrum BURE adult ORAL BEHAV 2mg Tumors appeared after 2 mos. Liver tumors (hepatocellular carcinomas, lymphosarcomas and fibrosarcomas) were found in 12 males and 18 females. El-Mofty et al. 1991 p-nitrotoluene XELA < 2 d IMMER MORT 20 100 d NOEL: Mortality= 10; Development= 3.2; Growth= 32 Slooff and Canton 1983 mg/L. k potassium chromate RAHE adult TISPREP PHYSIO 10- 500 Decreased activity in succinate dehydrogenase and Mg2+ Rajendrababu and Nandakumar ATPase activity. 1987 k potassium dichromate XELA < 2 d IMMER MORT 20 100 d NOEL: Mortality= 1; Development= 3.2; Growth= 3.2 mg/L. Slooff and Canton 1983 k potassium dichromate XELA egg IMMER DEVOBS 2.5, 5, 7.5 Weaker pigmentation at 2.5 ppm; 5 ppm 15.5 % mortality; 7.5 ppm 30 % mortality. Dumpert 1987 k potassium dichromate XELA tadpoles IMMER DEVOBS Only those kept in conc. up to 1.0 ppm developed into toads. k Dumpert 1987 potassium RACA adult TISPREP PHYSIO 1.0- 2.5 mM Effects on evoked potential of tectum elicited by electrical Watanabe et al. ? ferricyanide stimulation of the optic nerve was measured. primicarb RAPE tadpoles IMMER DEVOBS 25±5 7-8 1 and 25 mg/L At 1 mg/L: mortality= 34.1%, normal embryos= 0%. At 25 mg/L: mortality= 38.8%, normal embryos= 0%. the incidence of limb and tail deformities was 76.66% at 1 mg/L. Alvarez et al. 1995 primicarb RAPE tadpoles IMMER MORT 0.02 and 0.14 Damage to gills, liver, gall-bladder, heart and notochord did Honrubia et al. 1993 mg/L occur; mortality reached 100% after 2 wks. Procaine XXSN adult INJECT MORT 0.07 g (0.47 mg/g body wt) Conc. kills between 5 and 15 min. Livezey 1958 Procaine XXXA larvae INJECT MORT 1-4% kills amphibian larvae. Livezey 1958 prolactin TAGR adult (M) IMMER PHYSIO 100 µg Prolactin did not sig. change androgen levels. Moore 1977
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amp
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amp
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ABSTRACT Many amphibian and reptile
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PRÉFACE De nombreuses populations
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract………
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Contaminant
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INTRODUCTION Why is there a need fo
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Limitations of RATL The RATL databa
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Contaminant a Species Code b Lifest
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Table 1- Field Residues - 20 Contam
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Table 2 - Field Studies - 2 Contami
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Table 2 - Field Studies - 12 Contam
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Table 3: Acute toxicity values from
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Contaminant a Species Code b azinph
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Contaminant a Species Code b tar XE
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Table 4: Laboratory studies not inc
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Page 187 and 188: Contaminant a Species Code b Lifest
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Page 255 and 256: Table 5: FETAX data. [FETAX (Frog E
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Page 277 and 278: Table 6: pH study data. (Studies th
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Table 6 - pH Studies - 13 Species C
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Species Code b Lifestage Study Endp
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Species Code b Lifestage Study Endp
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Table 7: Reviews of primary literat
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Table 7 - Reviews - 3 Review Title
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Table 8 - Population Status - 2 Pop
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Table Notes Note a : see Appendix 2
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References - 2 Anderson, L.M. and R
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References - 4 Bantle, J.A., D.J. F
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References - 6 Beresford, W.A. , M.
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References - 8 Bishop, C.A, P. Ng,
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References - 10 Bragg, A.N. 1964. M
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References - 12 Burke, E.M. and F.H
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References - 14 Chattopadhyay, D.P.
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References - 16 Cooke, A.S. 1974. T
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References - 18 Dash, M.C. and A.K.
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References - 20 DeWitt, J.B., D.G.
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References - 22 Dutta, S.K. and P.
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References - 24 Elisyeyeva, K.H., H
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References - 26 Fontenot, L., C. Ro
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References - 28 Frisbie, M.P. and R
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References - 30 Godet, F., M. Babut
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References - 32 Gunther, R. and J.
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References - 34 Harfenist, A., T. P
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References - 36 Herkovits, J. and C
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References - 38 Hota, A. K. and M.C
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References - 40 Johnson, C.R. 1972a
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References - 42 Karns, D.R. 1984. T
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References - 44 Kraskowski, H.V., K
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References - 46 Leblanc, G.A. and L
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References - 48 Lotshaw, D.P. 1977.
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References - 50 Massot, M., J. Clob
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References - 52 Mendonca, M., J. Sh
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References - 54 Munro, D.F. 1949. E
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References - 56 Oliveira, E.M., D.V
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References - 58 Paulov, S. 1977b. T
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References - 60 Pierce, M.E. 1958.
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References - 62 Raj, T.P., A. Jeban
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References - 64 Rolfe, G. L., A. Ha
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References - 66 Sassaman, J.F. 1978
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References - 68 Semlitsch, R.D. and
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References - 70 Sparling, D.W., T.P
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References - 72 Surova, G.S. and A.
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References - 74 Tomar, V. and A. K.
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References - 76 Vijverberg, H.P.M.,
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References - 78 White, D.H. and A.J
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References - 80 Wyman, R.L. and J.
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Appendix 1a: Species codes in alpha
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 3 Cla
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 11 Cl
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 13 Cl
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Appendix 1b - Species Common Names
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Appendix 1c - Species Scientific Na
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Appendix 2a: Contaminant codes foun
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Appendix 2a - Contaminant Codes - 3
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Appendix 2b: Contaminants sorted by
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Appendix 2b - Contaminant Type - 3
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Appendix 4: Descriptions of exposur
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Appendix 6a: Glossary of Abbreviati
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Appendix 6b: Relevant biological an
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Appendix 6b - Glossary of RATL term
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

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