RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

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Contaminant a Contaminant b Concentration b LC50 xylenes 100-200 mg/L 54-135 (test range) Zn 25.35 - 28.65 Zn 1-3000 µmol/L 850 µmol/L ZnSO4 34.4 mg/L (inactive) ZnSO4 7 day LC50 = 34.5 EC50 b ND-299 (test range) TI d ND-1.34 (test range) Table 5 - FETAX Studies - 22 MCIG d 2.65 - 9.57 - 2.83 10.12 40 µmol/L 21 300 µmol/L 2.7 mg/L (inactive) 36 13.3 (inactive) NOEL d LOEL d Effects/Notes de mortality (61-141); malform (41-118); growth (47->118) 1.75 - 2.0 Results also given for metal contaminated soils. Reference k Kononen and Gorski 1997 Fort et al. 1995b Shown to be a potent teratogen for Luo et al. 1993a XELA causing conc. related increases of eye, gut, facial, notochord, fin, and cardiac anomalies. Head to tail lengths were inversely correlated with Zn conc. Activated tests resulted in an LC50 of Fort et al. 1989 36.7 mg/L and an EC50 of 2.9 mg/L. The TI for activated tests was 12.7. Embryos exposed to ZnSO4 alone at conc. of >1.5 mg/L caused mild gut malformations & pericardial edema. Dawson et al. 1988b k
Table 6: pH study data. (Studies that alter pH under laboratory or field conditions including the combined effects of pH and various contaminants) Species Code b Lifestage Study Endpoint g pH Level(s) Temp h Additional Contam a Cont. Conc. Conc. e Units e LC50 LC100 e Effects eg Reference k ACCC larvae RESIDUE Al Al conc. were greater than that of other metals except for Fe, Mg and Mn. Al was higher in clay than in loam soils. Sparling and Lowe 1996 ACCR larvae BEHAV 5.3-6.6 ACCR tadpole abundance was less in acidified Sparling et al. 1995 macrocosms than in circumneutral ones and less in those with loam soils than in macrocosms with clay soils. ACGR embryo DEVOBS 4.1 Results not extracted from paper. Gosner and Black 1957 k AMJE adult PHYSIO 3.5, 4.0, 4.5 After 4 d of exposure adults demonstrated an Horne and Dunson 1994 apparent substrate selection. At the termination of the experiment (7d), none of the salamanders remained on the pH 3.5 substrate, 3 were on the pH 4.0 substrate and 7 were on the pH 4.5 substrate. AMJE adult POPSUR 4.62 Not observed in ponds with mean pH < 4.62. k Freda and Dunson 1986 AMJE egg HATSUC 4.3, 5.3, 6.3, 7.0 10 At pH 4.3 100% of eggs died (n=200). At pH 5.3, 26% died (n=72), At pH 6.3, 15% died (n=68). At pH 7.0, 22% of eggs died (n=67). Brodman 1993 AMJE egg HATSUC 4-8 Greatest hatching success at pH 5-6. Pough and Wilson 1977 k AMJE embryo HATSUC 4.0-5.8 10 % hatching at pH 4.75 - 5.8; 25% hatching at pH 4.5 and 0% < pH 4.5. Freda and Dunson 1986 k AMJE embryo MORT ambient field pH ambient At 14 d, mortality was not significantly Horne and Dunson 1994 field different between sites. After 28 d of temp development, mortality was significantly lower in the control ponds than in the ponds lacking AMJE. AMJE embryo POPSUR 4.0-5.75 10 &15 At 14 d: At both 10°C and 15°C, pH had a significant Horne and Dunson 1994 4.4 (15°C), effect on hatching success. Temperature and 4.55 pH interacted to determine the hatching (10°C) success of the embryos; low pH was more toxic at the lower temperature. AMJE embryo DEVOBS 4.5-5.5 Al 130-800 Decreasing pH led to decreased hatching success and developmental processes and increased egg mass and larval mortality. Horne and Dunson 1995 AMJE embryo HATSUC 4.5 Did not hatch below 4.5. Freda and Dunson 1985 k
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amp
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amp
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ABSTRACT Many amphibian and reptile
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PRÉFACE De nombreuses populations
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract………
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Contaminant
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INTRODUCTION Why is there a need fo
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Limitations of RATL The RATL databa
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Contaminant a Species Code b Lifest
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Table 1- Field Residues - 20 Contam
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Table 2 - Field Studies - 2 Contami
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Table 2 - Field Studies - 12 Contam
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Table 3: Acute toxicity values from
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Contaminant a Species Code b azinph
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Contaminant a Species Code b tar XE
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Table 4: Laboratory studies not inc
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Contaminant a Species Code b Cd AMG
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Page 225 and 226: Contaminant a Species Code b Lifest
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Page 261 and 262: Contaminant a Contaminant b Concent
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Page 279 and 280: Table 6 - pH Studies - 3 Species Co
Page 281 and 282: Species Code b Lifestage Study Endp
Page 289 and 290: Table 6 - pH Studies - 13 Species C
Page 317 and 318: Table 7: Reviews of primary literat
Page 319 and 320: Table 7 - Reviews - 3 Review Title
Page 321 and 322: Table 8 - Population Status - 2 Pop
Page 323 and 324: Table Notes Note a : see Appendix 2
Page 325 and 326: References - 2 Anderson, L.M. and R
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References - 4 Bantle, J.A., D.J. F
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References - 6 Beresford, W.A. , M.
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References - 8 Bishop, C.A, P. Ng,
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References - 10 Bragg, A.N. 1964. M
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References - 12 Burke, E.M. and F.H
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References - 14 Chattopadhyay, D.P.
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References - 16 Cooke, A.S. 1974. T
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References - 18 Dash, M.C. and A.K.
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References - 20 DeWitt, J.B., D.G.
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References - 22 Dutta, S.K. and P.
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References - 24 Elisyeyeva, K.H., H
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References - 26 Fontenot, L., C. Ro
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References - 28 Frisbie, M.P. and R
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References - 30 Godet, F., M. Babut
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References - 32 Gunther, R. and J.
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References - 34 Harfenist, A., T. P
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References - 36 Herkovits, J. and C
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References - 38 Hota, A. K. and M.C
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References - 40 Johnson, C.R. 1972a
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References - 42 Karns, D.R. 1984. T
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References - 44 Kraskowski, H.V., K
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References - 46 Leblanc, G.A. and L
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References - 48 Lotshaw, D.P. 1977.
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References - 50 Massot, M., J. Clob
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References - 52 Mendonca, M., J. Sh
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References - 54 Munro, D.F. 1949. E
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References - 56 Oliveira, E.M., D.V
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References - 58 Paulov, S. 1977b. T
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References - 60 Pierce, M.E. 1958.
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References - 62 Raj, T.P., A. Jeban
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References - 64 Rolfe, G. L., A. Ha
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References - 66 Sassaman, J.F. 1978
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References - 68 Semlitsch, R.D. and
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References - 70 Sparling, D.W., T.P
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References - 72 Surova, G.S. and A.
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References - 74 Tomar, V. and A. K.
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References - 76 Vijverberg, H.P.M.,
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References - 78 White, D.H. and A.J
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References - 80 Wyman, R.L. and J.
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Appendix 1a: Species codes in alpha
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 3 Cla
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 11 Cl
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 13 Cl
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Appendix 1b - Species Common Names
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Appendix 1c - Species Scientific Na
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Appendix 2a: Contaminant codes foun
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Appendix 2a - Contaminant Codes - 3
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Appendix 2b: Contaminants sorted by
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Appendix 2b - Contaminant Type - 3
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Appendix 4: Descriptions of exposur
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Appendix 6a: Glossary of Abbreviati
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Appendix 6b: Relevant biological an
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Appendix 6b - Glossary of RATL term
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

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