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ijcrb.webs.com INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS JANURAY 2011 VOL 2, NO 9 5. Data Analysis and Interpretation In this study the ―(Pearson) correlation analysis‖ test has been applied to check the relationship between corruption and inflation in Pakistan and India 4 . Degree and type of relationship between any two or more variables in which they vary together over a period is known as (Pearson) correlation and denoted by ―r‖. A positive correlation exists where the high values of one variable are associated with the high values of the other variable(s). A negative correlation means association of high values of one with the low values of the other(s). Correlation can vary from +1 to -1. To analyze the relationship between inflation and corruption ―Minitab windows Release 11.12 32 Bit‖ is used in this study. The test applied to see the association among corruption and inflation in Pakistan has given the result of r = 0.114 which shows that there is weak association among corruption and inflation in Pakistan. In the other case (in India) the result is r = 0.683, which shows that there is strong positive relationship between corruption and inflation in India, which shows that both inflation and corruption tend to move in same direction, if one increases then other also increases and vice versa. 3 6. Results and conclusion This research has been conducted to see the relationship of corruption with inflation in Pakistani and Indian context. The data regarding inflation in Pakistan and India is collected from ―Asian Development Bank‖ and ―Federal Bureau of Statistics‖. The data regarding corruption is collected from the Transparency International. To find out the correlation the ―Minitab Release 11.12‖ is used. The results from this test show that there is little relationship between inflation and corruption in Pakistan means that whether there is increase in inflation then corruption will increase a little bit. But result is opposite in Indian context which shows that there is positive relationship between corruption and inflation, it means that when there is increase in the corruption; inflation will also increase. So, it can be concluded that higher corruption will tend to higher inflation in India. 3 (http://www.businessdictionary.com) COPY RIGHT © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 396
ijcrb.webs.com INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS JANURAY 2011 VOL 2, NO 9 References Andrei Shleifer and Robert W. Vishny (1993), ―Corruption‖, Journal of Economics, Vol. 108, pp. 599-617 Axel Dreher and Thomas Herzfeld (2005), ―The Economic Costs of Corruption: A Survey and New Evidence‖, pp: 01-33 Bryan W. Husted (1999), ―Wealth, Culture, and Corruption‖, Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 30, pp. 339-359 Carlos G. (2003), ―Inflation and economic growth in the long run‖, Journal of economic letters, vol. 80, pp: 167-173 Carsten Hefeker(2009), ―Taxation, corruption and the exchange rate regime‖, Journal of macroeconomics, pp 01-09 Ernesto Dal and Martín A. Rossi (2007), ―Corruption and inefficiency: Theory and evidence from electric utilities‖, Journal of Public Economics, Vol. 91, pp: 939–962 Fahim A. Al-Marhubi (2000), ―Corruption and inflation‖, Journal of Economics Letters, Vol. 66, pp: 199–202 Haizhou Huang and Shang-Jin Wei (2003), ―Monetary Policies for Developing Countries: The Role of Corruption‖, Journal of Working Paper, pp: 01-27. J. Tavares(2003), ―Does foreign aid corrupt?‖, Journal of Economics Letters, Vol. 79, pp: 99– 106 Jakob Svensson (2005), ―Eight Questions about Corruption‖, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 19, pp. 19-42 James H. Davis and John A. Ruhe (2003), ―Perceptions of Country Corruption: Antecedents and Outcomes‖, Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 43, pp. 275-288 John F. Boschen and Charles L. Weise (2003), ‖ What Starts Inflation: Evidence from the OECD Countries‖, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Vol. 35, pp. 323-349 Kwabena Gyimah-Brempong (2002), ―Corruption, economic growth, and income inequality in Africa‖, Economics of Governance, vol.3, pp: 183-209 Martin Paldam (2002), ―The cross-country pattern of corruption: economics, culture and the seesaw dynamics‖, European Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 18, pp:215–240 Miguel Braun1 And Rafael Di Tella (2000), ―Inflation and Corruption‖, pp: 01-28 Mohsen Bahmani-Oskooee and Gour G. Goswami (2005), ―The Impact of Corruption on the Black Market Premium‖, Southern Economic Journal, Vol. 71, pp. 483-493 Paolo Mauro (2004), ―The Persistence of Corruption and Slow Economic Growth, IMF Staff Papers, Vol. 51, pp. 1-18 Philip R. Lane (1997), ―Inflation in open economies‖, journal of international economics, vol.42, pp: 327-347. Shang-Jin Wei (2000), ―How Taxing is Corruption on International Investors?‖, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 82, pp. 1-11. William Easterly and Stanley Fischer (2001), ―Inflation and the poor‖, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Vol. 33, pp. 160-17. COPY RIGHT © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 397
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