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INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS
message is clear. The successful 21 st century manager will have to make the behavioral
and attitudinal adjustment necessary to succeed in very dynamic time (Flippo, 1998).
2.2 Management
Management is a key factor in both firm successes and firm failure (Whetten and
Cameron, 1995). Management is the process of reaching organizational goals by working
with the through people and other organizational resources. The term management can
also refer to the individuals who guide and direct organizations or to a career devoted to
the task of guiding and directing organization. (Certo, 2003)
Management refers to the process of coordinating ad integrating work activities so
that they are completed efficiently and effectively with the through other people (Robbins
and Coulter, 1999). Successful management is totally dependent on the human element.
Heads don not get the job performed by themselves, regardless of their individual talents
or drive. They must work with the through other to achieve organizational goals and
objectives (Kraus and Curts, 1986).
Management of School means setting realistic goals and drawing up plans to
achieve them. Those plans involve distinct phases, setting objectives, allocating
resources, delivering results, evaluating the impact, and resetting objectives in the light of
evaluation (Thomas and Martin, 1993). The goal of educational management at the
institutional level is to achieve the social and system goals of education plus any
additional objectives peculiar to the specific institution, to do this the managers will need
to understand more completely the existing motivation of their fellow administrators,
teachers, and pupils (Kemmerer and Windham, 1997).
The working role of administrator is likewise manger. The need for manger has
well increased with the development of more complex organization. Rapid growth of
knowledge that is useful to management will demand a higher quality of mangers. The
word ―management‖ identifies a special group of people whose job is to direct the effort
and activities of other personnel towards common objectives, therefore management ―get
things done through other people‖ (Massie, 1992).
Mescon et al. (1988) considered the Ducker to be the world‘s leading thinker or
management and organization, defines management as ―a specific practice and converts a
mob into an effective, purposeful and productive group‖. They offered a classical three
fold concepts for emphasizing a broad scope for the viewpoint of management. They
observe management as (1) an economic resource (2) a system of authority, and (3) a
class or elite.
Therefore, successful management is totally dependent upon the human element.
Heads do not get the job performed by themselves, regardless of their individual talent or
drive. They must work with the through others to achieve organizational goals and
objectives (Kraus and Curts, 1986).
2.3 Educational Management
―Education‖ and ―Management‖ are large and complex concepts. Many
definitions may be found in the international literature available for students in these
fields of study. It is clear that no single definition in any field commands the acceptance
COPY RIGHT © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research
JANUARY 2011
VOL 2, NO 9
488