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134 g. g o g o l a S v i l i. qarTuli zmna * * * mainc: ra ra aris aris mwkri mwkrivi mwkri mwkrivi vi? vi gavixsenoT: erTi Tvalsazrisis mixedviT, mwkrivi ar aris kategoria, igi teqnikuri terminia. sxva Tvalsazrisis mixedviT, mwkrivi kategoriaa, masTan rTuli kategoria. am Tvalsazrisis Sesaxeb zemoT vrclad gvqonda saubari. mwkrivis raobis amgvari gageba CvenTvis sadavoa, magram ar uarvKofT imas, rom mwkrivi kategoriaa. metKvelebis nawilTagan formacvaleba saxelsa da zmnas axasiaTebs. saxelis formacvaleba xdeba brunvisa da ricxvis mixedviT, brunva da ricxvi saxelis morfologiuri kategoriebia _ xdeba maTi gamoxatva formobrivad. es cnobili faqtia. risTvis dagvyirda amis gaxseneba: miuTiTeben, rom `uGvlileba zmnis morfologiaSi imave rigis movlenaa, rac saxelTa morfologiaSi bruneba. orive erTi da imave principiT unda iqnes Seswavlili~ (b. JorbenaZe, 1984, gv. 17). mwkrivi iseTive monacemia zmnis sistemaSi, rogoric brunva saxelis sistemaSi: `nakvTi aris zmnis funqcionirebis (enaSi zmnis arsebobisa da gamoKenebis) forma. nakvTs formobriv moepoveba Tavisi Kalibi, fuZe da mawarmoebeli~ (b. JorbenaZe, iqve). brunvis kategoriis Sesaxeb msJelobisas aGniSnaven, rom `igiveoba leqsikuri da sxvadasxvaoba gramatikuli, _ ai brunvis formaTa arsebobis niSani~ (a. SaniZe, 1973, gv. 44). Sesabamisad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom mwkrivis formaTa arsebobis niSania leqsikuri igiveoba da gramatikuli (formobrivi) sxvadasxvaoba. brunva morfologiuri kategoriaa saxelisa; mwkrivi _ zmnisa, ramdenadac saxelis sistema martivia zmnis sistemasTan SedarebiT, imdenad brunvis kategoria martivia mwkrivis kategoriasTan SedarebiT, romelsac aqvs sakuTari forma da funqcia, romelic Sesabamis konteqstSi gamovlindeba. mwkrivis formobriv saxes mwkrivis fuZe qmnis. mwkrivis fu- Zed miiCneva is nawili zmnisa, romelsac CamoSorebuli aqvs pirisa da ricxvis niSnebi; mas Tavisi paradigma aqvs. mwkrivis paradigmas qmnis mxolod pirisa da ricxvis niSnebiT gansxvavebuli formebi:
Tavi II. dro-kiloTa sistema. uGlebis tipebi v-akeTeb v-akeTeb-T akeTeb akeTeb-T akeTeb-s akeTeb-en Se SeniS Se niS niSvna vna: vna mwkrivis paradigmaze msJelobisas garkvevas moi- Txovs zmniswinis sakiTxi: ake akeTeb ake Teb Teb-s Teb da ga ga-ake ga ake akeTeb Teb-s Teb s sxvadasxva mwkrivis formebad miiCneva. ake akeTa ake Ta da ga ga-akeT ga akeT akeT-a akeT _ erTi mwkrivis formebad. aqedan gamomdinare, meore da mesame seriis mwkrivTa fuZis ganmartebisas esec unda aisaxos: mwkrivis paradigma aerTianebs zmniswiniT, pirisa da ricxvis niSnebiT gansxvavebul formebs. amasve ver vitKviT pirveli seriis formaTa Sesaxebac. Tumca II da III seriis mwkrivTa paradigmis amgvari gansazGvrac ar iqneba mTlad zusti: zmniswinian da uzmniswino formaTa monacvleoba erTi mwkrivis fargleb- Si araa niSandoblivi Kvela tipis zmnaTaTvis... zmniswinisa da zmnuri formis sakiTxi sagangebo msJelobas iTxovs. saubari mwkrivTa raodenobaze mwkrivis fuZeTa raodenobis garkvevas gulisxmobs, uGlebis sistemas mwkrivTa sistemuri da- Jgufeba qmnis. uGlebis srul paradigmas mwkrivTa sistema qmnis. uGleba _ zmnis mwkrivTa mixedviT cvlaa uGlebis srul paradigmaSi; mwkrivis farglebSi _ cvla pirisa da ricxvis mixedviT (a. SaniZe). amgvarad, uGlebas ori mniSvnelobiT vxmarobT: viwro mniSvnelobiT mwkrivis farglebSi zmnis pirisa da ricxvis mixedviT cvlas gulisxmobs; farTo mniSvnelobiT _ uGlebis sistemaSi mwkrivTa mixedviT cvlas. semantikurad mwkrivis calsaxad daxasiaTeba ar moxerxdeba. mwkrivi polisemantikuri monacemia. dro, kilo, aspeqti, gzisoba, Tanamdevroba, aqti _ am semantikur kategoriaTa erToblioba qmnis mwkrivis formis semantikas. rogorc aGiniSna, erTi da imave mwkrivis formam sxvadasxva konteqstSi SeiZleba sxvadasxva drois, kilos... da a. S. mniSvneloba gadmosces. mniSvnelobis gamovlena konteqstzea damokidebuli. 135
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arn. Ciqobavas saxelobis enaTmecnie
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g i o r g i g o g o l a S v i l i q
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qarTuli zmnis sarkvevi profesorma g
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Sesavali * * * cnobili yeSmaritebaa
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Sesavali Semd.). CvenTvis faseulia
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Sesavali aT ri rigad ri gad gad~...
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Sesavali da sworad Sefasebis saqmeS
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Sesavali ara aqvs, igi cnebis gadmo
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Sesavali 4. II kavSirebiTi 5. Sereu
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Sesavali vaKenebT XII-XVII saukuneT
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Sesavali xis koines, idioleqts. aq
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Sesavali Kvela im parametris mixedv
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Sesavali 2) Tu vsaubrobT qar ar arT
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Sesavali SromebSi zog SemTxvevaSi Z
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Sesavali zmnisa, romelic saerToa er
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Sesavali enobri enob enob enobri ri
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Sesavali ufro sainteresod gveCveneb
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Sesavali 1. rogorc viciT, e xmovani
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Sesavali Zveli qarTuli enis werilob
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nawili nawili nawili pirveli pirvel
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42 g. g o g o l a S v i l i. qarTul
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52 anda: g. g o g o l a S v i l i.
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184 g. g o g o l a S v i l i. qarTu
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224 boboqr-ob-d-i-T boboqr-ob-d-nen
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226 _ _ _ g. g o g o l a S v i l i.
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234 awmKo awmKo-mKofadi awmKo mKofa
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238 ƒam ƒam rwam rwam dga dga g.
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nawili nawili nawili meore meore me
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338 III. v-i-c-i i-c-i i-c-i-s v-i-
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340 zi-xar zi-s g. g o g o l a S v
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Tavi Tavi VV. V . II seriis formaTa
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360 bic: g. g o g o l a S v i l i.
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432 sxva magaliTi: g. g o g o l a S
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436 da-m-e-wer-i-s da-g-e-wer-i-s d
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Ta Tavi Ta vi vi VVI. V . III serii
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458 II II Tur Turme Tur Turme meobi
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460 uwKveteli: I kavSirebiTi: wKvet
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476 damalul ars damalul varT damalu
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Semoklebani i. . abaS abaS. abaS _
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GIORGI GOGOLASHVILI GEORGIAN VERB (
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Summary Subjunctive II _ (da)weros
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Sinaarsi qarTuli qarTuli zmnis zmni
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Sinaarsi 6.3. uGlebis nimuSebi Zvel
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Sinaarsi 14.4. savrcobTa gamoKeneba
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Sinaarsi Tavi VI. III seriis seriis
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