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GIORGI GOGOLASHVILI
GEORGIAN VERB
(FORM-BUILDING ISSUES)
S u m m a r y
1. The morphological analysis of the Georgian verb has had an age-long
history. Anton Bagrationi’s ‘Georgian Grammar’ (the first edition in 1753, the
second edition – in 1767) can be regarded as a cornerstone work that
summarized the previous stage and laid the foundation for the grammatical
thinking of the next period. Till the beginning of the 20 th century, till N. Marr,
the authors of all practical grammars (Gayoz, P.Ioseliani, S.Dodashvili,
D.Kipiani, A.Kutateladze, P.Kvitsaridze. T.Zhordania, I.Kartvelishvili,
D.Chubinashvili, M.Janashvili, S.Khundadze) though having a number of
important findings, mainly based their works on that of Anton’s, Obviously
the analysis of the Georgian verb system presented in the above-mentioned
practical grammars is of particular relevance for the 20 th century Georgian
linguistic thought.
2. One of the controversial issues in the form analysis of the Georgian
verb is linked with the notion of mtskrivi (which is a conjugation element), viz.
its definition and qualification; the number of mtskrirvis in Old and New
Georgian as well as in the dialects.
Mtskrivi is a grammatical category; it is as essential for the verb system
as declension is for the nominal system. Mtskrivi is a form of verb realization,
verb functioning. Hence there should be singled out as many mtskrivis as there
are independent verb forms with distinct functions.
Mtskrivi is a morphological phenomenon, i.e. it has a morphological
structure. the structure of a mtskrivi form is based on the stem, thematic,
extension and mtskrivi markers.
The mtskrivi stem is the part of the verb form without a preverb,
person and number markers.
In the form da da-v-xat da
xat xat-av xat av av-d-e-T av the mtskrivi stem is xatavde xatavde. xatavde
The base forming mtskrivi stem is the part of the verb form a particular
mtskrivi form is based on, i.e.it is the mtskrivi stem without a mtskrivi marker:
in the form da da-v-xat da
xat xat-av xat av av-d-e av the base forming stem is xat xat-av xat
av av-d-. av The element
differentiating the mtskrivi stem from the base forming mtskrivi stem is called a
mtskrivi marker: in the form da da-xat da xat xat-av xat av av-d-e av the mtskrivi marker is e.
Some mrskrivis may have the same base forming stem but different
mtskrivi markers.