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A Series of Lessons on the Inner Teachings of the Philosophies and Religions of India1294
which we have spoken at length in the Second Lesson and as we have
seen in the subsequent lessons. And these six philosophies, with their
subdivisions, penetrate every form of religion in India, some favoring one
school, and some another, while some are quite eclectic and choosing from
each that which appeals to them—and all are regarded as but different
interpretations of the Fundamental Philosophy. So, you see, there is an
astonishing Oneness about Hindu Philosophy, Religion, and Thought, which
is understandable only in view of the common origin and root of them all,
as well as the fundamental principle of that upon which they all unite. The
work of the Early Fathers was well done—it has lasted through fifty centuries,
and in spite of countless division and subdivision of thought—it is Basic—it
is Fundamental—it is Elemental Philosophy.
In India it always has been thought that Truth could never be harmed
by adverse criticism and examination, argument, debate or discussion, and
consequently, the people of that land have always welcomed the teachers of
new philosophies and religions among them, provided that the missionaries
or reformers were filled with the spirit of toleration and respect for the
opinions and beliefs of others. Religious persecution in India has been
almost unknown, and even unto this day the average Hindu relishes nothing
better than a philosophical, metaphysical or theological discussion with
some one opposed to him in doctrine. In the smallest villages, the people
will gather around teachers, and listen to discussions of points of belief and
doctrine, and will eagerly flock to listen to some new teacher who boldly
and vigorously attacks the prevailing views. But there seems to be no desire
to crush out or to smother the voice of the new teachers. There is an intuitive
sense which has taught this age-old race that these differences are merely
different points of view, and but varying interpretations of some great
fundamental truths underlying the many doctrines. A favorite aphorism in
India is: “The Truth is One—men call it by many names.”
And, so, side by side, in India, we find representatives of the Six Great
Systems of Philosophy, with their sub-divisions; also representatives of the