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• the area is monitored by military personnel to ensure the effective exclusion ofcivilians. 312The maintenance of observation over avenues of approach where such mines are deployedconstitutes one acceptable form of monitoring to ensure the effective exclusion of civilians. 313A Claymore munition used in trip-wire mode is an example of this type of mine. 314Claymore used in command-detonated mode is regulated as an “other device.” 315A6.12.9 Rules for Using Remotely Delivered Mines. Remotely delivered mines are subjectto special, additional restrictions because their location cannot be marked as accurately as minesplaced by hand or by mechanical mine layers. In addition, because remotely delivered mines areoften emplaced by long-range means, it may be difficult to ensure that civilians are absent orexcluded from areas containing such mines. Remotely delivered mines may not be used unlessthey have compliant self-destruction and self-deactivation mechanisms. 3166.12.9.1 Effective Advance Warning of the Delivery of Mines UnlessCircumstances Do Not Permit. As with other weapons, effective advance warning shall be givenof any delivery or dropping of remotely delivered mines that may affect the civilian population,unless circumstances do not permit doing so. 3176.12.9.2 Recording of Remotely Delivered Mines. It is prohibited to use remotelydelivered mines unless they are recorded in accordance with subparagraph 1(b) of the Technical312 CCW AMENDED MINES PROTOCOL art. 5(6) (“Weapons to which this Article applies which propel fragments in ahorizontal arc of less than 90 degrees and which are placed on or above the ground may be used without themeasures provided for in sub-paragraph 2 (a) of this Article for a maximum period of 72 hours, if: (a) they arelocated in immediate proximity to the military unit that emplaced them; and (b) the area is monitored by militarypersonnel to ensure the effective exclusion of civilians.”).313 United States, Statement on Consent to Be Bound by the CCW Amended Mines Protocol, May 24, 1999, 2065UNTS 128, 129 (“The United States understands that, for the purposes of Article 5(6)(b) of the Amended MinesProtocol, the maintenance of observation over avenues of approach where mines subject to that Article are deployedconstitutes one acceptable form of monitoring to ensure the effective exclusion of civilians.”).314 Article-by-Article Analysis of CCW Amended Mines Protocol, 7-8, Enclosure A to Warren Christopher, Letter ofSubmittal, Dec. 7, 1996, MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT TRANSMITTING THE CCW AMENDED MINES PROTOCOL,PROTOCOL III ON INCENDIARY WEAPONS, AND PROTOCOL IV ON BLINDING LASER WEAPONS 7-8 (“In a trip-wiredmode, the Claymore is not excluded from the restrictions applicable to anti-personnel mines by reason of thedefinition in paragraph 3. Specifically, such mines, when used in a trip-wired mode, are covered by the definitionbut special, less restrictive rules in Article 5 apply to their use for a limited time -- 72 hours -- from theiremplacement.”).315 Refer to § 6.12.10 (Rule for Using Booby-Traps and Other Devices).316 Refer to § 6.12.4.5 (Remotely Delivered Anti-Personnel Mines Not in Compliance With Self-Destruction andSelf-Deactivation Requirements).317 CCW AMENDED MINES PROTOCOL art. 6(4) (“Effective advance warning shall be given of any delivery ordropping of remotely-delivered mines which may affect the civilian population, unless circumstances do notpermit.”). Refer to § 5.11.1 (Warning Before Attack).373