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at sea by or from aircraft, but do not include, for example, combatant personnel engaged inattacks. 69As far as military exigencies permit, after each naval engagement, all possible measuresshould be taken without delay to search for and collect the wounded, sick, and shipwrecked, andto recover the dead. 7013.3.5 Surrender by Enemy Vessels. The general rules on the protection of persons horsde combat, including the rule prohibiting the attack of persons who have surrendered, also applyto enemy vessels. 71 In particular, it is forbidden to make an enemy vessel the object of attack ifit has genuinely, clearly, and unconditionally surrendered, in circumstances in which it is feasibleto accept such surrender. 72Once an enemy vessel has clearly indicated a readiness to surrender, the attack must bediscontinued. 73 Indicia of surrender by vessels may include:• hauling down her flag;• hoisting a white flag; 74• surfacing (in the case of submarines); 75• stopping engines and responding to the attacker’s signals; 76 or69 Refer to § 7.3.1.2 (Shipwrecked).70 Refer to § 7.4.1 (GWS-Sea Obligation Regarding the Search, Collection, and Affirmative Protection of theWounded, Sick, Shipwrecked, and Dead).71 Refer to § 5.10.3 (Persons Who Have Surrendered).72 2007 NWP 8.6.1 (“It is forbidden, however, to target an enemy warship or military aircraft that in good faithunambiguously and effectively conveys a timely offer of surrender.”); 1955 NWIP 511c (“It is forbidden to refusequarter to any enemy who has surrendered in good faith. In particular, it is forbidden either to continue to attackenemy warships and military aircraft which have clearly indicated a readiness to surrender or to fire upon thesurvivors of such vessels and aircraft who no longer have the means to defend themselves.”).73 2007 NWP 1-14M 8.6.1 (“Once an enemy warship has clearly indicated a readiness to surrender, such as byhauling down her flag, by hoisting a white flag, by surfacing (in the case of submarines), by stopping engines andresponding to the attacker’s signals, or by taking to lifeboats, the attack must be discontinued.”).74 Refer to § 12.4 (The White Flag of Truce to Initiate Negotiations).75 W.T. MALLISON, JR., STUDIES IN THE LAW OF NAVAL WARFARE: SUBMARINES IN GENERAL AND LIMITED WARS134 (1968) (“The duty to give quarter is, of course, the same in submarine warfare as it is in other naval warfare.There are undoubtedly unusual problems which occur concerning manifestations of surrender in submarine warfare.A submarine even when fully surfaced lies low in the water. There may be, consequently, particular difficulties inobserving a submarine's manifestation of surrender. Where a submarine is forced to the surface following depthcharging, it seems reasonable that the submarine's commander should be given an opportunity to surrender unless anunequivocal intention of fighting it out on the surface is manifested. The attempt of a surface ship to indicatesurrender to a submerged submarine also raises problems. For example, it is clear that the submerged submarine atperiscope depth has only limited visibility.”).872