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12.6.3.3 Safe-Conducts Contemplated by the 1949 Geneva Conventions. Certainsafe-conduct protection may be granted by special agreements contemplated in the 1949 GenevaConventions. Such agreements include:• agreements for the removal and passage of certain personnel, such as vulnerable civilians,from besieged areas; 94• agreements for the passage of consignments; 95• agreements for the removal or transport of the wounded and sick; 96• agreements for the passage of medical aircraft for the transport of the military or civilianwounded and sick; 97• agreements for the safe passage of chartered medical transport ships; 98 and• agreements for the special transport of relief shipments for POWs or civilian internees. 9912.6.4 Safeguard. A safeguard may refer to a detachment of forces posted for theprotection of, or a written instrument affording protection by a belligerent to, enemy or neutralpersons or property.A safeguard falls within the law of war, however, only when granted and posted byarrangement with the enemy or a neutral. For example, guards or written orders posted by abelligerent for the protection of its own personnel or property would not be governed by the lawof war. 100The effect of a safeguard is to pledge the honor of the nation that the person or propertywill be respected by its armed forces. 101 It does not commit the government to its protection ordefense against attacks by enemy armed forces or other hostile elements.94 Refer to § 5.19.2 (Removal and Passage of Certain Personnel – Vulnerable Civilians, Diplomatic and ConsularPersonnel, the Wounded and Sick, and Medical Personnel).95 Refer to § 5.19.3 (Passage of Relief Consignments).96 Refer to § 7.4.3.1 (Armistices and Local Arrangements to Permit the Removal, Exchange, or Transport of theWounded).97 Refer to § 7.14 (Military Medical Aircraft); § 7.19 (Civilian Medical Aircraft).98 Refer to § 7.13 (Chartered Medical Transport Ships).99 Refer to § 9.20.5 (Special Means of Transport of Shipments to POWs); § 10.23.5 (Special Means of Transport ofShipments to Internees).100 MANUAL FOR COURTS-MARTIAL IV-39 (26.c.(1)) (2012) (“A safeguard is not a device adopted by a belligerentto protect its own property or nationals or to ensure order within its own forces, even if those forces are in a theaterof combat operations, and the posting of guards or of off-limits signs does not establish a safeguard unless acommander takes those actions to protect enemy or neutral persons or property.”).101 1956 FM 27-10 (Change No. 1 1976) 457 (“The effect of a safeguard is to pledge the honor of the nation thatthe person or property shall be respected by the national armed forces.”).837