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scientific, or philanthropic purposes. 152 Warships engaged in the collection of scientific data ofpotential military application would not be considered to be devoted exclusively to scientificpurposes and would not be exempt. 15315.7.3.1 Notification to Belligerent Warships to Depart a Neutral State’s WatersUpon Outbreak of Hostilities. If a neutral State, which has been informed of the outbreak ofhostilities, learns that a belligerent State’s warship is in one of the neutral State’s ports orroadsteads, or in its territorial waters, it must notify such warship to depart within 24 hours orwithin the time prescribed by local regulations. 15415.7.4 Passage of Belligerent Warships and Prizes Through a Neutral State’s Waters. Aneutral State may allow the passage of belligerent warships and prizes through its waters. Theneutrality of a State is not affected by the mere passage through its territorial waters of warshipsor prizes belonging to belligerents. 155A neutral State may, on a nondiscriminatory basis, suspend passage of belligerentwarships and prizes through its waters (with the exception of international straits andarchipelagic sea lanes). 156Although the general practice has been to close neutral territorial seas to belligerentsubmarines, a neutral State may elect to allow passage of submarines provided they do notengage in hostile acts while in territorial waters. 157Neutral States customarily authorize passage through their territorial sea of ships carryingthe wounded, sick, and shipwrecked, whether or not those waters are otherwise closed tobelligerent vessels. 158152 HAGUE XIII art. 14 (“The regulations as to the question of the length of time which these vessels may remain inneutral ports, roadsteads, or waters, do not apply to war-ships devoted exclusively to religious, scientific, orphilanthropic purposes.”); 1928 PAN AMERICAN MARITIME NEUTRALITY CONVENTION art. 5 (“Vessels usedexclusively for scientific, religious, or philanthropic purposes are exempted from the foregoing provisions.”).153 2007 NWP 1-14M 7.3.2.1 (“Warships engaged in the collection of scientific data of potential militaryapplication are not exempt.”); 1997 NWP 9 7.3.2.1 (same); 1989 NWP 9 7.3.2.1 (“Vessels engaged in thecollection of scientific data of potential military application are not exempt”).154 HAGUE XIII art. 13 (“If a Power which has been informed of the outbreak of hostilities learns that a belligerentwar-ship is in one of its ports or roadsteads, or in its territorial waters, it must notify the said ship to depart withintwenty-four hours or within the time prescribed by local regulations.”).155 HAGUE XIII art. 10 (“The neutrality of a Power is not affected by the mere passage through its territorial watersof war-ships or prizes belonging to belligerents.”).156 2007 NWP 1-14M 7.3.4 (“A neutral nation may, on a nondiscriminatory basis, suspend passage of belligerentwarships and prizes through its territorial seas, except in international straits.”); 1997 NWP 9 7.3.4 (same); 1989NWP 9 7.3.4.1 (“A neutral nation may, on a nondiscriminatory basis, close its territorial waters, except ininternational straits, to belligerent vessels.”).157 2007 NWP 1-14M 7.3.4 (“Although the general practice has been to close neutral territorial seas to belligerentsubmarines, a neutral nation may elect to allow passage of submarines.”); 1997 NWP 9 7.3.4 (same); 1989 NWP 97.3.4.1 (“Although the general practice has been to close neutral territorial waters to belligerent submarines, aneutral nation may elect to allow passage of submarines, either surfaced or submerged.”).956