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11.20.4 Voluntary Work Not Prohibited by the GC. Although the GC prohibits protectedpersons from being compelled to provide certain types of work related to military operations,there is no prohibition in the law of war to such persons being employed voluntarily and for payin such work. 394 For example, there is no law of war prohibition against civilian firefightersputting out fires endangering civilian property resulting from attacks by lawful combatantsagainst the Occupying Power’s military property.However, no pressure or propaganda that aims at securing voluntary enlistment in thearmed or auxiliary forces of the Occupying Power is permitted. 395In addition, certain voluntary humanitarian work is recognized and protected by theGWS. 39611.20.5 General Protections Applicable to Workers in Occupied Territory.11.20.5.1 Access to Protecting Power. No contract, agreement, or regulation shallimpair the right of any worker, whether voluntary or not and wherever he or she may be, to applyto the representatives of the Protecting Power in order to request the Protecting Power’sintervention. 397For example, it would be prohibited to forbid workers who are protected persons fromapplying to the Protecting Power. It would also be prohibited to require any protected personswho are workers, as a condition of work, to renounce their right to apply for assistance to theProtecting Power concerning work conditions or any other matter. 39811.20.5.2 No Use of Measures to Create Unemployment to Induce Work for theOccupying Power. All measures aiming at creating unemployment or at restricting theopportunities offered to workers in an occupied territory, in order to induce them to work for theOccupying Power, are prohibited. 399394 1956 FM 27-10 (Change No. 1 1976) 420 (“The prohibition against forcing the inhabitants to take part inmilitary operations against their own country precludes requisitioning their services upon works directly promotingthe ends of the war, such as construction of fortifications, entrenchments, and military airfields or the transportationof supplies or ammunition in the zone of operations. There is no objection in law to their being employedvoluntarily and for pay in such work.”).395 Refer to § 11.20.1.1 (Prohibition on Compulsory Service in an Occupying Power’s Armed Forces).396 Refer to § 7.4.5 (Collection and Care of the Wounded, Sick, and Shipwrecked by Civilians).397 GC art. 52 (“No contract, agreement or regulation shall impair the right of any worker, whether voluntary or notand wherever he may be, to apply to the representatives of the Protecting Power in order to request the said Power’sintervention.”).398 Refer to § 10.5.6 (Facility for Applying to the Protecting Powers and Assistance Organizations Such as theICRC).399 GC art. 52 (“All measures aiming at creating unemployment or at restricting the opportunities offered to workersin an occupied territory, in order to induce them to work for the Occupying Power, are prohibited.”).805

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