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9.18.3 Advance of Pay. The Detaining Power shall grant all POWs a monthly advance ofpay, the amount of which shall be fixed by conversion into the currency of the DetainingPower. 326This money allows POWs to purchase items at the canteen. This money may be paid inscrip or vouchers that can be used only in the POW camp, to prevent POWs from having orhoarding currency that might facilitate their escape.Since the promulgation of the GPW, advances of pay to POWs by the Detaining Powerhave been infrequent. 3279.18.3.1 GPW Specified Amounts for Monthly Advances of Pay. Article 60 of theGPW specifies the following amounts for monthly advances of pay: 328• Category I: POWs ranking below sergeants: eight Swiss francs. 329• Category II: Sergeants and other non-commissioned officers, or POWs of equivalentrank: twelve Swiss francs. 330• Category III: Warrant officers and commissioned officers below the rank of major orPOWs of equivalent rank: fifty Swiss francs. 331• Category IV: Majors, lieutenant-colonels, colonels, or POWs of equivalent rank: sixtySwiss francs. 332• Category V: General officers or POWs of equivalent rank: seventy-five Swiss francs. 333326 GPW art. 60 (“The Detaining Power shall grant all prisoners of war a monthly advance of pay, the amount ofwhich shall be fixed by conversion, into the currency of the said Power, of the following amounts: …”).327 For example, W. Hays Parks, Special Assistant for Law of War Matters, Office of the Judge Advocate General ofthe Army, Enemy Prisoner of War Health and Comfort Pack (Oct. 28, 1994) (“U.S. and allied or Coalitionpersonnel held as prisoners of war during the Korean, Vietnam and 1991 Gulf Wars were not provided an advanceof pay by their captors. Although members of the Panamanian Defense Force were not entitled to EPW status, theUnited States Army provided an advance of pay during Operation Just Cause (1989-90); the process provedcumbersome and unnecessarily complicated, as there was no budget or budget item designated for EPW advance ofpay. The money was not recouped from the Government of Panama. No record could be found of the establishmentof an advance of pay system by any nation in any conflict since promulgation of the 1949 GPW.”).328 GPW art. 60 (“The Detaining Power shall grant all prisoners of war a monthly advance of pay, the amount ofwhich shall be fixed by conversion, into the currency of the said Power, of the following amounts:”).329 GPW art. 60 (“Category I: Prisoners ranking below sergeants: eight Swiss francs.”).330 GPW art. 60 (“Category II: Sergeants and other non-commissioned officers, or prisoners of equivalent rank:twelve Swiss francs.”).331 GPW art. 60 (“Category III: Warrant officers and commissioned officers below the rank of major or prisoners ofequivalent rank: fifty Swiss francs.”).332 GPW art. 60 (“Category IV: Majors, lieutenant-colonels, colonels or prisoners of equivalent rank: sixty Swissfrancs.”).333 GPW art. 60 (“Category V: General officers or prisoners of war of equivalent rank: seventy-five Swiss francs.”).556