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egulation of any or all forms of media (e.g., press, radio, television) and entertainment (e.g.,theater, movies), of correspondence, and of other means of communication. 132 For example, anOccupying Power may prohibit entirely the publication of newspapers that pose a threat tosecurity, or it may prescribe regulations for the publication or circulation of newspapers of othermedia for the purpose of fulfilling its obligations to restore public order. 133The Occupying Power is not required to furnish facilities for postal service, but may takecharge of them itself, especially if the officials of the occupied district fail to act or to obey itsorders. 13411.7.3 Control of Means of Transportation. An Occupying Power is entitled to exerciseauthority over all means of public and private transportation, whether land, waterborne, or air,within the occupied territory, and may seize them and regulate their operation. 13511.7.4 Limits on Safety Measures. If the Occupying Power considers it necessary, forimperative reasons of security, to take safety measures concerning protected persons, it may, atthe most, subject them to assigned residence or to internment. 136 The Occupying Power mustcomply with certain procedural requirements (e.g., appeal, periodic review) when conductingassigned residence or internment of protected persons in occupied territory based on imperativereasons of security. 137 The Occupying Power also has an obligation to support persons who areassigned residence and thus are required to leave their homes, consistent with the standards forthe treatment of internees. 138131 The discussion in this sub-section focuses solely on what is permitted under the law of war and does not addresspossible implications of censorship under the First Amendment of the Constitution.132 1956 FM 27-10 (Change No. 1 1976) 377 (“The belligerent occupant may establish censorship of the press,radio, theater, motion pictures, and television, of correspondence, and of all other means of communication. It mayprohibit entirely the publication of newspapers or prescribe regulations for their publication and circulation.”).133 For example, Coalition Provisional Authority Public Notice, Towards a Responsible Iraqi Media, Jun. 10, 2003(“Disseminating material that incites violence, however poses a direct threat to personal freedoms, and is thereforebanned under the terms of this order, as it is in any civilized society. Equally, advocating the return to power of therepressive and criminal Ba’athist regime would undermine civil order and the freedom from fear of politicalrepression, both of which are necessary for the development of a free and democratic Iraq. Thus the CPA is issuingan Order that prohibits Iraqi media organizations from broadcasting or publishing material that would seriouslyundermine security and civil order in Iraq.”).134 1956 FM 27-10 (Change No. 1 1976) 377 (“The occupant is not required to furnish facilities for postal service,but may take charge of them itself, especially if the officials of the occupied district fail to act or to obey itsorders.”).135 1956 FM 27-10 (Change No. 1 1976) 378 (“The belligerent occupant exercises authority over all means oftransportation, both public and private, within the occupied district, and may seize them and regulate theiroperation.”).136 Refer to § 10.6.3 (No Measures of Control More Severe Than Assigned Residence or Internment).137 Refer to § 10.9.3 (Procedure for Internment or Assigned Residence in Occupied Territory).138 Refer to § 10.6.4 (Support to Persons Who Are Assigned Residence Should Be Guided by Internment Standards).760

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