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• relating to political process, such as laws regarding the rights of suffrage and ofassembly; 169• relating to the supply of food and other items essential to the survival of the civilianpopulation, and the prevention of illicit trade in, or hoarding of, such items; 170• relating to the administration of the law, such as repealing laws establishing racialdiscrimination or promulgating laws requiring the impartial application of the law bylocal officials; 171 and• relating to the Occupying Power’s obligations under the GC, such as legislation to helpprovide for child welfare, labor, food, hygiene, and public health of the occupiedterritory. 17211.9.3 Procedural Obligation – Notification to the Population of Changes in Law. TheOccupying Power is not required to adhere to the local procedure for amending municipal law.However, the population of the occupied territory must be informed of the alteration, suspension,forces or administration, so that general activities such as activities on behalf of enemy armed forces are covered.The Occupying Power is entitled to use establishments and lines of communication for its own needs; it is thereforeentitled to take appropriate measures to ensure their security.”).169 1956 FM 27-10 (Change No. 1 1976) 371 (“The occupant may alter, repeal, or suspend laws of the followingtypes: a. Legislation constituting a threat to its security, such as laws relating to recruitment and the bearing ofarms. b. Legislation dealing with political process, such as laws regarding the rights of suffrage and of assembly. c.Legislation the enforcement of which would be inconsistent with the duties of the occupant, such as lawsestablishing racial discrimination.”).170 For example, COLONEL I. L. HUNT, AMERICAN MILITARY GOVERNMENT OF OCCUPIED GERMANY, 1918-1920:REPORT OF THE OFFICER IN CHARGE OF CIVIL AFFAIRS, THIRD ARMY AND AMERICAN FORCES IN GERMANY 164-65(1943) (“Sale of American foodstuffs was by the ticket system. … The method of using the food tickets, was, inbrief, as follows. Each person or head of family was issued the number of coupons to which he was entitled, eachcoupon authorizing him to buy a certain quantity of a certain food, within a certain period of time. There were alsocoupons, not bearing the name of any particular food, but numbered, to be used for foods not regularly issued. Thecoupons entitled the holder to register with some merchant of his own choice, who in turn registered his totalrequirements with the local Food Office. When the food arrived, each merchant was allotted the amount necessaryto provide for the persons registered with him. Announcements of distribution were made in the daily papers. Themerchant kept the coupons to indicate the amounts and regularity of his sales. Any allotment not entirely sold,might be returned to the food authorities or debited against the next allotment. The system seemed simple enough,but there was considerable traffic in tickets. Well-to-do people seldom suffered for lack of food, though they mayoften not have been able to get the variety they wanted.”).171 For example, Coalition Provisional Authority Order No. 7, Penal Code, §4 (Jun. 10, 2003) (“In exercising theirofficial functions, all persons undertaking public duties or holding public office, including all police, prosecutors,and judges, must apply the law impartially. No person will be discriminated against on the basis of sex, race, color,language, religion, political opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, or birth.”).172 GC COMMENTARY 337 (“The legislative power of the occupant as the Power responsible for applying theConvention and the temporary holder of authority is limited to the matters set out in a limitative list below. (a) Itmay promulgate provisions required for the application of the Convention in accordance with the obligationsimposed on it by the latter in a number of spheres: child welfare, labour, food, hygiene and public health etc.”).766

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