Université de Montréal - Thèse sous forme numérique

132Figure 22. [Quarreling]: frame relations (FrameNet 2012)The Using and Inheritance relations account for the way a frame may be relatedto more abstract frames. More specifically, the Inheritance relation is said to correspondto the relation is_a in many ontologies, this meaning that a child frame inherits from aparent frame if its semantics is equally or more specific than the semantics of the parentframe. Normally, the FEs of the parent frame will correspond to or will be more specificthan the FEs of the child frame.For example, the FEs in the frame [Discussion] are INTERLOCUTOR1,INTERLOCUTOR2, INTERLOCUTORS and TOPIC, which are more specific than the FEs inthe frame [Quarreling] (ARGUER1, ARGUER2, ARGUERS and ISSUE). The [Reciprocality]frame is a non-lexical frame from which the frame [Quarreling], as an instance ofreciprocal activity, inherits the possibility that the main participants can be expressedeither as a plural subject (ARGUERS) or as a singular subject with a later with-phraseindicating the second participant (ARGUER1 and ARGUER2). According to Ruppenhoferet al (2010: 80) non-lexical frames such as the [Reciprocality] frame ―have no lexicalunits and are present purely to connect two (or more) frames semantically‖. The Usingrelation applies to cases in which a part of the scene evoked by the child refers to the