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IXjudge would have acceded to the appellant‘s plea for a longer global sentence in order tofacilitate his rehabilitation: Through his counsel at trial, the appellant urged the sentencing judge toimpose a two-year penitentiary term to ―help him . . . access better programs‖.[12] Moreover, through his counsel in this Court (who did not represent him at trial), the appellantdoes not now argue that his global sentence of 12 months‘ imprisonment is manifestly excessive.He submits instead that the Court of Appeal, in considering the fitness of the six-month sentencethat remains in issue, failed to give effect to the sentencing principles, notably the fundamentalprinciple of proportionality, made applicable by Parliament in Part XXIII of the Criminal Code toindictable and summary conviction offences alike. Section 718.1 of the Code provides:A sentence must be proportionate to the gravity of the offence and the degree of responsibility ofthe offender.[13] Considering the reasons of the Court of Appeal in their entirety, and bearing in mind theappellant‘s previous convictions and the proceedings at trial, I am satisfied that the Court of Appealwas alert to the sentencing principles set out in the Code — particularly, I might add, to thefundamental principle of proportionality.[14] Manifestly, that is why the court reduced the appellant‘s global sentence from 15 to 12 months‘imprisonment.III[15] A fit sentence for a hybrid offence is neither a function nor a fraction of the sentence that mighthave been imposed had the Crown elected to proceed otherwise than it did. More particularly, thesentence for a hybrid offence prosecuted summarily should not be ―scaled down‖ from themaximum on summary conviction simply because the defendant would likely have received lessthan the maximum had he or she been prosecuted by indictment. Likewise, upon indictment, thesentence should not be ―scaled up‖ from the sentence that the accused might well have received ifprosecuted by summary conviction.[16] In short, the sentencing principles set out in Part XXIII of the Criminal Code apply to bothindictable and summary conviction offences. Parliament has made that clear in the definition of―court‖ at s. 716 of the Code. And when the Crown elects to prosecute a ―hybrid‖ offence by wayof summary conviction, the sentencing court is bound by the Crown‘s election to determine theappropriate punishment within the limits established by Parliament for that mode of procedure.Absent an error of principle, failure to consider a relevant factor, or overemphasis of the appropriatefactors, any sentence within that range — including the maximum — should not be varied onappeal unless it is demonstrably inadequate or excessive.IV[17] In affirming the appellant‘s six-month sentence on one count while reducing his globalsentence from 15 months to 12, the Court of Appeal committed no error warranting ourintervention. The court properly took into account the proceedings at trial, the mandatoryrequirement of proportionality and the other governing principles as well.[18] The appellant‘s further appeal to this Court was therefore dismissed at the conclusion of thehearing.Appeal dismissed.Solicitors for the appellant: Thirkell & Company, Abbotsford.Solicitor for the respondent: Attorney General of British Columbia, Vancouver.
Appendix 4. Indexing terms of the Canadian judgmentsXRanking Indexing terms of the English corpus Frequency1 Whether... 3772 Charter of Rights 1093 Criminal law 814 Evidence (of sth, exclusion of evidence, etc.) 795 Right (to equality, to life, etc.) 736 Police (Act, officer, powers, etc.) 727 Constitutional law 658 Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms 609 Trial judge 5610 Duty (of care, to accommodate, etc.) 4911 Crown (etc.) 4012 Whether trial judge 3713 Employee (etc.) 3614 Federal 3615 Criminal Code 3316 Standard (of review, of proof, etc.) 2817 Employment 2318 Accused convicted of (first degree murder, second degreemurder, sexual assault, etc.)2219 Provincial (Crown, human rights, etc.) 2220 Income tax 2021 Charge to jury 1922 Civil procedure 1723 Constitution Act 1624 Sentencing 1625 Taxation 1526 Negligence (Act, etc.) 1427 Appeals 1328 Immigration (law, and Refugee Protection Act) 1329 Remedy 1330 Scope (of duty, etc.) 1331 Trial 1232 Admissibility 1233 Motion (dismissed, to strike, etc.) 1234 Administrative law 1135 Torts 1136 Civil Code of Québec 10
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Université de MontréalFaculté de
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iiiframework to the compilation of
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vd‘autres contributions ayant dé
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vii2.3.1. The theory of classes of
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x5.3.1. Full equivalents ..........
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xiiTable 23. The frame [Proof] grou
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xviiTypographical conventionsTerms:
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xixTo my parents, Fátima and João
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1. IntroductionThis research studie
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3translator can understand the mean
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5theoretical frameworks that have b
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2. The state of the artIn order to
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9terminology of Canadian and Portug
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11Translation:Legal discourse is in
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13possible? The question of transla
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152.1.2. GenresAccording to Gémar
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17Genre studies are consensual in d
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19Figure 1. Typology of legal texts
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21the two typologies. For example,
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23In Canada as in Portugal, dispute
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25judgments. He argues that knowled
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27Maingueneau (2004) for whom build
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29find equivalents in a systematic
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31(2005) and most recently in Adams
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33the langue-related concept of equ
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352.2.1.2. Concepts and designation
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37in Hartmann and James (1998: 51)
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392.2.1.4. Semantic content and col
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41―Vocabulary type‖ refers to r
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43A concept can only be understood
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45assistance to identify and valida
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47(intertextual). Cop (1991: 2776)
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49Functional equivalenceZgusta (198
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51particular purpose in mind: ―Ä
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53Table 2. Anisomorphism: example o
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55in such a way that they are compo
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572.2.3. Qualitative and quantitati
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59be cases of full equivalence with
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Graphicalrepresentation of therelat
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63For instance, in Figure 10 saudad
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65Another example of insufficient c
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67appears and then skims texts in t
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69equivalents but she also maintain
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71defined by taking into account th
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73Among these studies, some contrib
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75other words or sequences of words
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77The third type of verbs, i.e. pol
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79author applied to the selection o
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81represent synonymy, antonymy, nom
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83contexts, but also a hyperlink ca
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85The typology of verbs appearing i
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87Phraseological verbs are predicat
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89temperature rises; the air circul
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91examples, they state that discurs
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93Another problem with this represe
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95connective verbs are simple verbs
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97different. The criteria designed
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99to show the mismatch that occurs
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101content from the perspective of
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103mesma quantia global, de 6151000
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105entities with authority to trans
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107Nevertheless, Pimentel and L‘H
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109In 1995, L‘Homme proposes a me
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111these reasons, we believe it rem
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113But in order to understand Frame
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115Par exemple, les règles de sous
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117the nature of language‖, that
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119This kind of understanding by th
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121Firstly, according to him, seman
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123exchanging the goods for money (
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125As mentioned in the previous sec
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127Quarreling:(3, 9) the participan
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129corresponds to a semantic type w
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131Figure 21. Lexical entry report
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133parent frame. The frame [Quarrel
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1353.2.2.2. Environmental ScienceAn
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137Figure 23. The Coastal Engineeri
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139Spanish terms that are reported
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141the FrameNet methodology will be
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143Agnoloni et al. (2010). Followin
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145scenes: ―Whereas a scene is de
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Table 9. Confirming cross-linguisti
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149Table 10. Summary of the annotat
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151Contrary to the FrameNet approac
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153Also, in an article entitled ―
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155support for the characterization
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157period in which the texts were w
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159for Brazilian Portuguese). The E
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161case. In its written form, an ac
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163Table 14. Beginning of the thema
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165The decisão is the final sectio
Page 189 and 190:
167In order to identify the content
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1694.1.3.3. ExpertsAll authors of t
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171The ―Introduction‖ states th
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173favourable decisions are quite s
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1754.1.4.1. FunctionPortuguese and
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177semble impliquer qu‘ils doiven
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179Figure 24. Bottom-up approach4.3
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181Despite this word of caution, we
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183evokes the last stage of the cri
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185Finally, some candidate terms we
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187Due to the differences in the nu
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189making an oral agreement. In thi
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191is a substantially higher one th
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193concur 1L'Heureux-Dubé J. disse
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195Although the occurrences of the
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197[Constitutionality]infringe 1 ,
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199Table 18. comply 1 , infringe 1
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201have the same number and type of
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203< FE nom="">< FE nom="">vtFigure
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205After hearing his alibi evidence
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207declarar 1Como é sabido, o Trib
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209Sometimes the target term shares
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211FEs that correspond to prepositi
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213the hearing judgeFigure 40. Anno
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215the indication of the reference.
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217the first meaning was related to
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219cumprir 1 ; 2) exceed 1 and viol
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221the semantic nature of the terms
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Portuguese223Agency, authority, BNS
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2255.1.1. Portuguese termsCandidate
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2276. Ambiguity between the past pa
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229a legal genre set out in the fir
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231as Prata (2005) and Prata et al.
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2331. Ambiguity between the past fo
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235(section 5.1.1.2.1); the second
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237corpus, the action of adducing i
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239draw some considerations on the
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241extraction of Portuguese terms b
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243The second half of the frame des
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Portuguese245artigo, lei, lei pream
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247We can observe that both terms e
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249the core FEs correspond to the a
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251resolve 1[1] This Court can reso
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253are not responsible for applying
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255Table 27. Linguistic realization
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263Table 33 illustrates that the se
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265Tabela 35. Linguistic realizatio
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267LAW and ISSUE. For all these rea
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PortugueseEnglsih269Table 36. amend
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271The application of the aforement
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273propugnar 1Por último, na conte
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PortugueseEnglish275Table 37. The f
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277The following pairs of verbs are
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279This frame groups together one E
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281The scenario includes two core F
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PortugueseEnglish283For instance, a
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285Translation:* Este Tribunal pode
Page 309 and 310: English287Table 42. The [Order] fra
Page 311 and 312: 289considered candidate equivalents
Page 313 and 314: 291Supreme Court judgments not only
Page 315 and 316: 293Figure 45. Alphabetical list of
Page 317 and 318: 295As in DiCoInfo (L‘Homme 2008),
Page 319 and 320: 297the term dismiss 1 the actantial
Page 321 and 322: 299In the annotated contexts (Figur
Page 323 and 324: 301expression in sentences containi
Page 325 and 326: 303Finally, as the task of annotati
Page 327 and 328: 305The study started with the revie
Page 329 and 330: 307As the research specifically aim
Page 331 and 332: 309study: a larger amount of terms;
Page 333 and 334: 311Atkins, S. and M. Rundell (2008)
Page 335 and 336: 313Carreno, I. (2005). Analyse de l
Page 337 and 338: 315Devinat, M. (2005). La règle pr
Page 339 and 340: 317Fontenelle, T. (2000). ―A Bili
Page 341 and 342: 319Gross, G. and F. Guenthner (2002
Page 343 and 344: 321L‘Homme, M.-C. (2003). ―Capt
Page 345 and 346: 323McEnery, A. and Z. Xiao (2007).
Page 347 and 348: 325Reimerink, A. and P. Faber. (200
Page 349 and 350: 327Searle, J. (1983). Intentionalit
Page 351 and 352: 329Terminologiewissenschaft = Langu
Page 353 and 354: IIDecisão Texto Integral:Acordam n
Page 355 and 356: IVAppendix 2. Indexing terms of the
Page 357 and 358: Appendix 3. A Canadian judgmentVISU
Page 359: VIIIof stolen property from six to
Page 363 and 364: XIIAppendix 6. Partial list of Engl
Page 365 and 366: XIVFrame and definition Core Frame
Page 367 and 368: XVIFrame and definition Core Frame
Page 369 and 370: XVIIIFrame and definition Core Fram
Page 371 and 372: XXFrame and definition Core Frame E
Page 373 and 374: XXIIFrame and definition Core Frame
Page 375 and 376: XXIVFrame and definition Core Frame
Page 377 and 378: XXVIFrame and definition Core Frame
Page 379 and 380: XXVIIIFrame and definition Core Fra
Page 381 and 382: XXXFrame and definition Core Frame
Page 383 and 384: XXXIIFrame and definition Core Fram
Page 385 and 386: XXXIVFrame and definition Core Fram
Page 387 and 388: XXXVIAppendix 8. Partial list of th
Page 389 and 390: XXXVIIIargue 1 [Argumentation]Charg
Page 391 and 392: XLdeem 1 [Judging]Irregularity Core
Page 393 and 394: XLIIManner Non-core impugn 1 [Conte
Page 395 and 396: XLIVRight Core assert 3 [Right]Text
Page 397 and 398: Appendix 10. List of common indirec
Page 399 and 400: Appendix 11. Data validationXLVIIIV
Page 401 and 402: Appendix 12. Eliminated candidate t
Page 403 and 404: Appendix 14. List of Portuguese ter
Page 405 and 406: 48. exercer 2 [Disagreement] exerce
Page 407 and 408: Appendix 15. List of English termsL
Page 409 and 410: estipular 1 , prescrever 154. grant
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Appendix 16. List of frames groupin
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LXII37. declarar 1 , state 1 [Argum
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