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The PLA at Home and Abroad - Strategic Studies Institute - U.S. Army

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As such, they present outsiders an opportunity to better<br />

underst<strong>and</strong> both China’s military capabilities as<br />

well as its intentions.<br />

Beijing appears to be willing to discuss the possibility<br />

of conducting combined ground humanitarian<br />

or disaster relief exercises with U.S. forces (<strong>Army</strong> or<br />

Marines). It seems feasible th<strong>at</strong> American military<br />

planners <strong>and</strong> oper<strong>at</strong>ors could construct a worthwhile<br />

training event within the parameters set by the N<strong>at</strong>ional<br />

Defense Authoriz<strong>at</strong>ion Act. <strong>The</strong>re is no doubt<br />

the militaries of both countries will be involved in<br />

humanitarian or disaster relief oper<strong>at</strong>ions in the future,<br />

possibly in third countries in adjacent areas <strong>at</strong><br />

the same time. Prior practice on the training field may<br />

permit gre<strong>at</strong>er efficiencies in getting th<strong>at</strong> future mission<br />

accomplished while contributing to mutual underst<strong>and</strong>ing<br />

<strong>and</strong> trust between the n<strong>at</strong>ions.<br />

ENDNOTES - CHAPTER 8<br />

1. In U.S. military terminology “combined exercises” involve<br />

forces from two or more countries. <strong>The</strong>y may or may not be “joint<br />

exercises,” involving two or more services, such as <strong>Army</strong> <strong>and</strong> Air<br />

Force. In most cases, the Chinese use only the term “joint” (lianhe,<br />

联合) for both types of exercises the United St<strong>at</strong>es defines as<br />

“combined” or “joint.” Most Chinese lists of “joint exercises” with<br />

foreign forces include only <strong>PLA</strong> exercises. Adding PAP exercises<br />

to the list, as is done in this chapter, significantly increases the<br />

number of exercises. Since 2002, the Chinese Defense White Papers<br />

have listed combined exercises but have not provided much detail,<br />

if any, about their content. Chinese media sources (newspapers,<br />

internet, <strong>and</strong> television) have provided increasingly more<br />

detailed reports of many of these exercises. Frequently, official<br />

sources like <strong>PLA</strong> Daily or Xinhua will compile numerous exercise<br />

reports <strong>and</strong> photos on dedic<strong>at</strong>ed webpages. However, no Chinese<br />

source available has <strong>at</strong>tempted a comprehensive analysis of this<br />

series of exercises, <strong>and</strong> no Chinese source includes every exercise<br />

described in this chapter.<br />

413

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