etude des aptitudes, des motivations, des profils socio ... - snpsc

L'enquête demandait à être validée par des mesures sur le terrain. Une tentative a
été faite dans ce sens, mais le test retenu s'est révélé peu adapté aux spécificités du groupe
des moniteurs de spéléologie.
MOTS CLEFS : SPELEOLOGIE SPORTIVE, ANALYSE DE LA TACHE, APTITUDES
PHYSIQUES, TECHNIQUES, COGNITIVES, SOCIALES ET PSYCHOLOGIQUES.
Simplified Plan
Review of the matter : analysis of the task and capacities involved in speleology
Conditions of the carrying out of the survey
Data : analysis for each of the 32 retained capacities
Results : classification of the capacities
Discussion
Practice : use of a questionnaire about personnality during a training course for
instructors
SUMMARY
The review of the matter enables us to set forth a process, the analysis of the task,
which is borrowed from ergonomics. We set out a theoretical pattern to which we will be able
to refer. We will discuss its interest, its limits and its consequences in the sphere of STAPS.
Accordingly, we have made a list of aptitudes that are required for a speleology
instructor not to prove a failure. It seemed to us, then, that physical aptitudes were not
sufficient to account for the general idea of the subject : technical, cognitive, social and
psychological capacities had to be united with them. After that, this very list was subjected to
competent people, and we asked them to assess each aptitude according to a scale ranging
from 1 to 7. The average importance attached to each aptitude allowed us to classify them in
descending order. The results are as follows :
- Essential capacities for the instructor's success : the pleasure of practising, the
awareness of risk, the understanding of the equipment and of the techniques, self-
knowledge, self-control, receptive apprenticeship (adaptability), dynamic strength of the lower
limbs, being willing to lend a sympathetic ear to other people, devoting one's whole attention
to them and cardiorespiratory endurance.