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Asymmetriskt i IT-projekt påverkat beslutsfattande

Asymmetriskt i IT-projekt påverkat beslutsfattande

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152<br />

Situation<br />

Problemområde<br />

Pedagogik x<br />

Normer x<br />

Psykologi x<br />

Kommunikation x<br />

Beslut x<br />

Asymmetri x<br />

Kaos<br />

Argentinaparadoxen<br />

Verksamhet x<br />

<strong>IT</strong><br />

Kvalitet x<br />

Beslutsunderlag x<br />

Projekt x<br />

Strategi x<br />

Förklaringsmodeller<br />

Bearbetningsverktyg<br />

4.3.10 Risk<br />

En beslutsfattare väljer hellre ett högrisk<strong>projekt</strong> än ett <strong>projekt</strong> med<br />

lägre risk, framför allt om högrisk<strong>projekt</strong>et samtidigt har en stor belöningsmöjlighet.<br />

Detta framkommer i Chulkovs och Mayurs [185]<br />

forskning. De beskriver ”banditproblemet”, som avser situationen när<br />

en enskild beslutsfattare väljer mellan ett flertal alternativa <strong>projekt</strong>:<br />

Bandits are a class of decision-making problems that involve choosing one<br />

action from a set. In terms of project management, the firm selects from<br />

several alternative <strong>IT</strong> projects, each with its own distribution of risks and<br />

rewards. The firm investigates technologies one by one, and keeps only<br />

the best-performing technology. The bandit perspective implies that managers<br />

choosing a risky <strong>IT</strong> project with high potential reward before safer<br />

ones are behaving optimally. It is in the firm’s interest to resolve the uncertainty<br />

about the innovative project first. In case of failure, the firm can later<br />

choose safer technology. A high proportion of risky projects adopted<br />

leads to a high number of project failures. [185] (s 135)

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