Química General, 2000 - Victor Manuel Ramírez

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UNIDAD 2Aire, intangible pero vitalLa polaridad de un compuesto se mide en un aparato llamado dipolímetro y sereporta en unidades Debye (D). Esta medida es entonces su momento dipolar (m).SustanciaMomento dipolar (m)CO 2 , dióxido de carbono 0CH 4 , metano 0C 6 H 6 , benceno 0PH 3 , fosfina 0.55H 2 S, ácido sulfhídrico 0.93CH 3 COCH 3 , acetona 2.76CH 3 OCH 3 , éter etílico 1.22SO 2 , dióxido de azufre 1.61NH 3 , amoniaco 1.47H 2 O, aguaHCl, ácido clorhídricoKCl, cloruro de potasio 10.6KBr, bromuro de potasioKI, yoduro de potasio 11.05CHCl 3 ,cloroformo 1.22CH 3 CH 2 OH, etanol 1.74Figura 2.57Nube electrónica de los enlaces químicos.Grupo Editorial Patria195
QUÍMICA GENERALActividad experimentalSustancias polares y no polaresEn esta actividad se va a investigar la solubilidad de siete solutos en dos disolventes distintos: agua(H 2 O), un disolvente polar y el hexano (C 6 H 14 ), un disolvente no polar. Escribe la palabra soluble,poco soluble e insoluble, en la columna correspondiente a cada caso experimentado.SolutoUrea (CO(NH 2 ) 2 )Yodo (I 2 )Cloruro de amonio (NH 4 Cl)Naftaleno (C 10 H )Sulfato de cobre (II) (CuSO 4 )Etanol (C 2 H 5 OH)Cloruro de sodio (NaCl)Solubilidad en agua (polar)(H 2 O)Solubilidad en hexano(no polar)(C 6 H 14 )4Procedimiento dosen la tabla anterior. En el caso de solutos líquidos agrega 1 mL (o 20 gotas). nuevamente.Contesta las siguientes preguntas:¿Cuáles solutos fueron más solubles en agua que en hexano? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________¿Por qué? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________¿Cuáles fueron más solubles en hexano que en agua? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________¿Por qué? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Conclusiones: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________196
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Víctor Manuel Ramírez Regaladogen
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PRESENTACIÓNEsta nueva obra de Qu
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2.3.1 Principales contaminantes yfu
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Índice del capítuloEstructuració
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UNIDAD 1 La energía, la materia y
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UNIDAD 2Aire, intangible pero vital
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UNIDAD 3Agua, ¿de dónde, para qu
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⎪⎧⎪⎨⎩⎨⎧⎩UNIDAD 3Agu
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UNIDAD 4Corteza terrestre, fuente d
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UNIDAD 5Alimentos, combustible para
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QUÍMICA GENERALElectronegatividad.
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QUÍMICA GENERALBibliografíaAguila
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Química General, 2000 - Victor Manuel Ramírez

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