JUDAICA - Wisdom In Torah

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ENCYCLOPAEDIA JUDAICA S E C O N D E D I T I O N VOLUME 3 Ba–Blo Fred Skolnik, Editor in Chief Michael Berenbaum, Executive Editor IN ASSOCIATION WITH KETER PUBLISHING HOUSE LtD., JERUSALEM
©2007 Keter Publishing House Ltd. Thomson Gale is a part of The Thomson Corporation. Thomson, Star Logo and Macmillan Reference USA are trademarks and Gale is a registered trademark used herein under license. For more information, contact Macmillan Reference USA An imprint of Thomson Gale 27500 Drake Rd. Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535 Or you can visit our internet site at http://www.gale.com ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means – graphic, electronic, or 978-0-02-865928-2 (set) 978-0-02-865929-9 (vol. 1) 978-0-02-865930-5 (vol. 2) 978-0-02-865931-2 (vol. 3) 978-0-02-865932-9 (vol. 4) ENCYCLOPAEDIA JUDAICA, Second Edition Fred Skolnik, Editor in Chief Michael Berenbaum, Executive Editor Shlomo S. (Yosh) Gafni, Editorial Project Manager Rachel Gilon, Editorial Project Planning and Control Thomson Gale Gordon Macomber, President Frank Menchaca, Senior Vice President and Publisher Jay Flynn, Publisher Hélène Potter, Publishing Director Keter Publishing House Yiphtach Dekel, Chief Executive Officer Peter Tomkins, Executive Project Director Complete staff listings appear in Volume 1 mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, web distribution, or information storage retrieval systems – without the written permission of the publisher. For permission to use material from this product, submit your request via Web at http://www.gale-edit.com/permissions, or you may download our Permissions Request form and submit your request by fax or mail to: Permissions Department Thomson Gale 27500 Drake Road Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535 Permissions Hotline: (+1) 248-699-8006 or 800-877-4253 ext. 8006 Fax: (+1) 248-699-8074 or 800-762-4058 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA Since this page cannot legibly accommodate all copyright notices, the acknowledgments constitute an extension of the copyright notice. While every effort has been made to ensure the reliability of the information presented in this publication, Thomson Gale does not guarantee the accuracy of the data contained herein. Thomson Gale accepts no payment for listing; and inclusion in the publication of any organization, agency, institution, publication, service, or individual does not imply endorsement of the editors or publisher. Errors brought to the attention of the publisher and verified to the satisfaction of the publisher will be corrected in future editions. Encyclopaedia Judaica / Fred Skolnik, editor-in-chief ; Michael Berenbaum, executive editor. -- 2nd ed. v. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. Contents: v.1. Aa-Alp. ISBN 0-02-865928-7 (set hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865929-5 (vol. 1 hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02- 865930-9 (vol. 2 hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865931-7 (vol. 3 hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865932-5 (vol. 4 hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865933-3 (vol. 5 hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865934-1 (vol. 6 hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865935-X (vol. 7 hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865936-8 (vol. 8 hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865937-6 (vol. 9 hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865938-4 (vol. 10 hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02- 865939-2 (vol. 11 hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865940-6 (vol. 12 hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865941-4 (vol. 13 hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865942-2 (vol. 14 hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865943-0 (vol. 15: alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865944-9 (vol. 16: alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865945-7 (vol. 17: alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865946-5 (vol. 18: alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865947-3 (vol. 19: alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865948-1 (vol. 20: alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865949- X (vol. 21: alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-02-865950-3 (vol. 22: alk. paper) 1. Jews -- Encyclopedias. I. Skolnik, Fred. II. Berenbaum, Michael, 1945- DS102.8.E496 2007 909’.04924 -- dc22 2006020426 978-0-02-865933-6 (vol. 5) 978-0-02-865934-3 (vol. 6) 978-0-02-865935-0 (vol. 7) 978-0-02-865936-7 (vol. 8) 978-0-02-865937-4 (vol. 9) ISBN-13: 978-0-02-865938-1 (vol. 10) 978-0-02-865939-8 (vol. 11) 978-0-02-865940-4 (vol. 12) 978-0-02-865941-1 (vol. 13) 978-0-02-865942-8 (vol. 14) 978-0-02-865943-5 (vol. 15) 978-0-02-865944-2 (vol. 16) 978-0-02-865945-9 (vol. 17) 978-0-02-865946-6 (vol. 18) 978-0-02-865947-3 (vol. 19) This title is also available as an e-book ISBN-10: 0-02-866097-8 ISBN-13: 978-0-02-866097-4 Contact your Thomson Gale representative for ordering information. Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 978-0-02-865948-0 (vol. 20) 978-0-02-865949-7 (vol. 21) 978-0-02-865950-3 (vol. 22)
Page 1: ENCYCLOPAEDIA JUDAICA
Page 5 and 6: BAALAH (Heb. הָלְ עַ ּב), n
Page 7 and 8: jailed. Ultimately, the Soviet Unio
Page 9 and 10: feated the Philistines in their att
Page 11 and 12: the direction rather than the name
Page 13 and 14: Canaanite Religion (1969). Add. Bib
Page 15 and 16: index; Friedmann, in: YIVO Bleter,
Page 17 and 18: tive as a mathematician both in res
Page 19 and 20: in the U.S.S.R. In 1937 he was give
Page 21 and 22: of one amora, their punishment vari
Page 23 and 24: Jewish nature of the site and an ap
Page 25 and 26: period (c. 1850 B.C.E.) the *Amorit
Page 27 and 28: Information on Babylonian Jewry und
Page 29 and 30: came from the transient Palmyrene E
Page 31 and 32: there from 1905 until his death. A
Page 33 and 34: en Bezalel (the Maharal) of Prague.
Page 35 and 36: dates of his birth and death are un
Page 37 and 38: Amoräer (1878, also in Hg., 19132)
Page 39 and 40: of Nemirov, a disciple of *Levi Isa
Page 41 and 42: the calendar with Bacon (S. Berger,
Page 43 and 44: °BADÈ, WILLIAM FREDERIC (1871-193
Page 45 and 46: Leket Peraḥim and Zer Peraḥim (
Page 47 and 48: 15th century, a Jewish badge, in ad
Page 49 and 50: maternal grandson of Isaac *Covo. I
Page 51 and 52: of Breslau under J. Freudental and
Page 53 and 54:
winning by a TKO in the 11th. Baer
Page 55 and 56:
Posen, resigned when Posen was rein
Page 57 and 58:
Community Leaders In the 18th and 1
Page 59 and 60:
again became president of the commu
Page 61 and 62:
of the *Inquisition was established
Page 63 and 64:
the works, amongst a host of early
Page 65 and 66:
BAḤYA (Pseudo), name given to the
Page 67 and 68:
God is good, and that he has a know
Page 69 and 70:
Among his many publications, Bailyn
Page 71 and 72:
BAK, printers and pioneers in Erez
Page 73 and 74:
ginning with “And Hannah prayed
Page 75 and 76:
ish question. For him the solution
Page 77 and 78:
there are indications that Balaam w
Page 79 and 80:
hearing this, Balaam became greatly
Page 81 and 82:
Among artists, portrayal of the sub
Page 83 and 84:
sions of Lenin (1934); My Life as a
Page 85 and 86:
Turks in 1453. In this lament on th
Page 87 and 88:
with the Arab population and lay th
Page 89 and 90:
is indeed doubtful whether the Brit
Page 91 and 92:
all three participated in a Jeffers
Page 93 and 94:
ciation. In 1901 he established the
Page 95 and 96:
in 1560. The Christian printer Dani
Page 97 and 98:
ography: A. Mirodan, Dictionar neco
Page 99 and 100:
networks had arisen: the German-spo
Page 101 and 102:
Over the years the university expan
Page 103 and 104:
BAMBERGER, HEINRICH VON (1822-1888)
Page 105 and 106:
BAMBERGER, SIMON (1846-1926), U.S.
Page 107 and 108:
The region is still considered to b
Page 109 and 110:
mentary on the Tosefta before his d
Page 111 and 112:
1549). Prostitution and adultery we
Page 113 and 114:
was given by several persons. In we
Page 115 and 116:
ITALY. In the 15th and beginning of
Page 117 and 118:
ank in 1803, which under Ludwig (wh
Page 119 and 120:
D. Wolfowitz, a veteran foreign pol
Page 121 and 122:
early detachment from Judaism, she
Page 123 and 124:
Bāqā al-Gharbiyya received munici
Page 125 and 126:
ever - whether quoted in the Talmud
Page 127 and 128:
ferences are by and large localized
Page 129 and 130:
passages are difficult to understan
Page 131 and 132:
of the litigation. In writing the C
Page 133 and 134:
BARAM, UZI (1937- ), Israeli politi
Page 135 and 136:
man and Hebrew in Jewish journals a
Page 137 and 138:
choice of material and is still a f
Page 139 and 140:
His daughter was Asenath *Barazani.
Page 141 and 142:
Bibliography: Baer, Studien, 146; B
Page 143 and 144:
public figure in Barcelona, a posit
Page 145 and 146:
and a Maccabi movement. An old-age
Page 147 and 148:
BARD, BASIL JOSEPH ASHER (1914-2002
Page 149 and 150:
ming at the Brandeis Camp Institute
Page 151 and 152:
Simeon to come to their aid. Simeon
Page 153 and 154:
BAR-ILAN, DAVID (1930-2003), Israel
Page 155 and 156:
On several rabbinical committees su
Page 157 and 158:
the recently discovered contemporar
Page 159 and 160:
Extent of revolt Roman Legion Fortr
Page 161 and 162:
on the border of the Judean Desert.
Page 163 and 164:
in 1964-66 as head of the Operation
Page 165 and 166:
The Bar Mitzvah Derashah Solomon Lu
Page 167 and 168:
Current Reform Responsa (1969), ind
Page 169 and 170:
BARNET, WILL (1911- ), U.S. painter
Page 171 and 172:
BARON, BERNHARD (1850-1929), indust
Page 173 and 174:
Baron undertook the largest synthet
Page 175 and 176:
Rachel preferred death to childless
Page 177 and 178:
that Rembrandt’s painting, “The
Page 179 and 180:
Johnson from 1975 and 1993 and was
Page 181 and 182:
Jonah of Safed), and in 1651 became
Page 183 and 184:
already quotes the *Zohar and the t
Page 185 and 186:
and the Babylonians), while the six
Page 187 and 188:
Psalms 147:12, “Praise, O Jerusal
Page 189 and 190:
BARUCH BEN ISAAC OF WORMS (late 12t
Page 191 and 192:
ooks with the aim of refuting the a
Page 193 and 194:
defense committee. As a member of t
Page 195 and 196:
of Man and its president in 1926. B
Page 197 and 198:
Jos., Ant., 12:330ff.). Alexander *
Page 199 and 200:
empereur de Byzance, et la civilisa
Page 201 and 202:
eligious studies and director of th
Page 203 and 204:
Not only Herzl in his Judenstaat (1
Page 205 and 206:
Moses Cordovero, Or Ne’erav (a co
Page 207 and 208:
Abraham Hezekiah was proofreader fo
Page 209 and 210:
fuerst”) by his fellow Jews - a f
Page 211 and 212:
Talmudic Period The Talmud declared
Page 213 and 214:
BAT KOL (Heb. לֹ וק תַ ּב;
Page 215 and 216:
Bat-Dor In 1967, Rothschild establi
Page 217 and 218:
Bibliography: Wehr-Halle, in: ZDMG,
Page 219 and 220:
ity - attempting to murder all Jews
Page 221 and 222:
Inter-Parliamentary Group from 1985
Page 223 and 224:
America: A Biographical Dictionary
Page 225 and 226:
of the academies to study one tract
Page 227 and 228:
guard produce (but do not work with
Page 229 and 230:
ecame prominent in Ansbach and Fuer
Page 231 and 232:
the Talmud” illustrated 18 talmud
Page 233 and 234:
the principality. However, six Jewi
Page 235 and 236:
practiced accounting during 1928-46
Page 237 and 238:
Transport and Trading Company in 18
Page 239 and 240:
drinking, no bathing, no anointing,
Page 241 and 242:
71-88; D. Frank, “The End of the
Page 243 and 244:
stones from the last quarter of the
Page 245 and 246:
the administration of justice, the
Page 247 and 248:
were deported to Minsk in 1942. Bed
Page 249 and 250:
evacuation from London in 1939-45.
Page 251 and 252:
ange. While still a youth he became
Page 253 and 254:
Bibliography: R. Heinefling, in: Un
Page 255 and 256:
tragedy of the narration with the o
Page 257 and 258:
tinued to be the southern frontier
Page 259 and 260:
gars but are contained in the compl
Page 261 and 262:
BÉGIN, EMILE-AUGUSTE (1802-1888),
Page 263 and 264:
was promoting the foundation of the
Page 265 and 266:
autobiography under the title The C
Page 267 and 268:
affairs. After failing to receive a
Page 269 and 270:
in 1937 as a student and commenced
Page 271 and 272:
Lebanese Jews immigrated to France,
Page 273 and 274:
where he served as head of the comm
Page 275 and 276:
Mezöberény, was directed to Ausch
Page 277 and 278:
Joseph of Orleans, i.e., Bekhor Sho
Page 279 and 280:
all of them. There were 5,600 Jews
Page 281 and 282:
Ostend WEST VLAANDEREN Bruges Heren
Page 283 and 284:
ups to be accompanied by covering l
Page 285 and 286:
study of modern Hebrew, and hosting
Page 287 and 288:
2001, a National Commission for Res
Page 289 and 290:
the Germans, contrived to organize
Page 291 and 292:
continually” (Gen. 6:5). To aid h
Page 293 and 294:
this solution time is transcended.
Page 295 and 296:
The son of Saddik, MOSES COHEN BELI
Page 297 and 298:
In 1921 Belkin became director of t
Page 299 and 300:
BELL, SIR FRANCIS HENRY DILLON (185
Page 301 and 302:
turned to Chicago. In 1940 he and h
Page 303 and 304:
history at Manchester University an
Page 305 and 306:
into the agricultural and industria
Page 307 and 308:
in later painting, notably the dram
Page 309 and 310:
followers of Belz Ḥasidism throug
Page 311 and 312:
Receiving of the train began. Dozen
Page 313 and 314:
pation Bemporad was compelled to ab
Page 315 and 316:
cized the political positions of Pr
Page 317 and 318:
Russian revolution of 1905, Ben-Amm
Page 319 and 320:
leader of the Greek Socialist Party
Page 321 and 322:
(1860), 32; Schorr, in: He-Ḥalutz
Page 323 and 324:
fore R. Joshua (Par. 1:1). He is fo
Page 325 and 326:
asis of his views in theology, hist
Page 327 and 328:
camping, initiated home-study proje
Page 329 and 330:
mans (under Hadrian) are contained
Page 331 and 332:
cally authentic, although they are
Page 333 and 334:
ment, and those recited before mitz
Page 335 and 336:
Am, as expressed in his historic ar
Page 337 and 338:
translator of Hebrew liturgical wor
Page 339 and 340:
ning of the crisis. On Sept. 8, 195
Page 341 and 342:
German occupation were sometimes no
Page 343 and 344:
found at Benghazi, the Jews of Bere
Page 345 and 346:
socialist society in Palestine, bas
Page 347 and 348:
increased, and Ben-Gurion decided o
Page 349 and 350:
dents are required to develop activ
Page 351 and 352:
Chorale) and special liking for Deb
Page 353 and 354:
linked literary theory to the histo
Page 355 and 356:
However, some scholars believe that
Page 357 and 358:
imports and exports in 1953. From 1
Page 359 and 360:
BENJAMIN, WALTER (1892-1940), Germa
Page 361 and 362:
Ẓevi] according to Nathan”), wa
Page 363 and 364:
Paris Cologne Bonn Coblenz Mainz Pr
Page 365 and 366:
BEN KALBA SAVU’A (1st century C.E
Page 367 and 368:
showed in New York at the Artist’
Page 369 and 370:
BENNETT, MICHAEL (1943-1987), U.S.
Page 371 and 372:
was arrested, Benoît replaced him
Page 373 and 374:
and in German, Philosophische Stroe
Page 375 and 376:
ings by his father David; Tuv-Miẓ
Page 377 and 378:
ooks of the Hagiographa (BK 92b; cf
Page 379 and 380:
verbatum. The first baraita, which
Page 381 and 382:
was chairman of a League of Nations
Page 383 and 384:
itual law (Issur ve-Hetter). Benven
Page 385 and 386:
ther’s side, with its roots in no
Page 387 and 388:
In Paris, Ben-Yehuda met George (Ge
Page 389 and 390:
She worked as an editor of the Ency
Page 391 and 392:
abbi of the Asociación Comunidad I
Page 393 and 394:
land, ein Wintermaerchen (1938), pu
Page 395 and 396:
Its Yishuv during the Ottoman Empir
Page 397 and 398:
items, calculated to please the aut
Page 399 and 400:
However, the conflicting interests
Page 401 and 402:
and the crafts and did not work in
Page 403 and 404:
Under the Soviet government, most o
Page 405 and 406:
he defended the claims of individua
Page 407 and 408:
tion of fables translated mostly fr
Page 409 and 410:
stein, whose influence was apparent
Page 411 and 412:
army marched on Jerusalem, she went
Page 413 and 414:
ing agricultural produce for the lo
Page 415 and 416:
and interferes in Russian politics
Page 417 and 418:
tal, and photographed the Tokyo sky
Page 419 and 420:
secular subjects. In 1901 and again
Page 421 and 422:
Brigadier H.L. Glyn Hughes, deputy
Page 423 and 424:
chairman of the County Republican P
Page 425 and 426:
336 pounds (152.5 kg.), which at a
Page 427 and 428:
ter,” or oleomargarine, in a fact
Page 429 and 430:
Bibliography: B. Shohetman and Sh.
Page 431 and 432:
BERGNER YOSSL (Yosef; 1920- ), Isra
Page 433 and 434:
men. Strong fetters of habit tie ma
Page 435 and 436:
til about May 1946), directed by Is
Page 437 and 438:
was chairman of the society until 1
Page 439 and 440:
veloped these points further in his
Page 441 and 442:
ary page of the Yiddish journal, Di
Page 443 and 444:
Perils of Pauline and Tillie’s Pu
Page 445 and 446:
to the margrave who from 1317 pledg
Page 447 and 448:
pointed of 15, 18, or 32 members. I
Page 449 and 450:
were immediate and made Jews feel d
Page 451 and 452:
Scrolls were hidden there during th
Page 453 and 454:
Bibliography: J. Meisl (ed.), Pinka
Page 455 and 456:
BERLIN, ḤAYYIM (1832-1912), Lithu
Page 457 and 458:
talmudic halakhot not mentioned by
Page 459 and 460:
mahot be-Yisrael, 2 (1948), 33; ide
Page 461 and 462:
the pasteurization of milk and an i
Page 463 and 464:
house but in 1968, during the antis
Page 465 and 466:
BERMAN, SIMEON (1818-1884), precurs
Page 467 and 468:
the Allies’ rejection of these pr
Page 469 and 470:
Hollywood in the early 1950s for al
Page 471 and 472:
landmark texts, notably Crystallizi
Page 473 and 474:
stein took over the prestigious Vos
Page 475 and 476:
BERNHEIM, LOUIS (1861-1931), Belgia
Page 477 and 478:
juedischer Autoren 2 (1993), 289-30
Page 479 and 480:
the National Research Council of Ca
Page 481 and 482:
He also succeeded Igor Stravinsky a
Page 483 and 484:
ecame both a city councillor and an
Page 485 and 486:
Deadlines (1961), Watch That Word (
Page 487 and 488:
Flood, the Flood itself, and the dy
Page 489 and 490:
solidarity.” He was, however, not
Page 491 and 492:
Bibliography: Grove online; MGG2; B
Page 493 and 494:
figure of Beruryah - talmudic schol
Page 495 and 496:
motion in the plane, was solved by
Page 497 and 498:
could read Russian. After the pogro
Page 499 and 500:
figure in the Jewish community and
Page 501 and 502:
and 15th centuries the Beta Israel
Page 503 and 504:
1860-1905: The Missionary Challenge
Page 505 and 506:
Ethiopians in Mereba, a crime commi
Page 507 and 508:
as “an act of renewing their cove
Page 509 and 510:
problematic, economically, socially
Page 511 and 512:
derground organization Irgun Ẓeva
Page 513 and 514:
an ecclesiastical court dealing wit
Page 515 and 516:
sengers were sent out all over the
Page 517 and 518:
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND. Already duri
Page 519 and 520:
conjugal relations with another man
Page 521 and 522:
der was issued to enforce the compl
Page 523 and 524:
An additional example of the Israel
Page 525 and 526:
ounded by an 11 ft. (3⅓ m.) thick
Page 527 and 528:
(2) Kibbutz in the southern Judean
Page 529 and 530:
as soon as Livia became a member of
Page 531 and 532:
ple, with regard to spiced oil, Bet
Page 533 and 534:
those reasons for the ascendance of
Page 535 and 536:
The Bethlehem town group has close
Page 537 and 538:
THE AGGADAH: Ginzberg, Legends, 1 (
Page 539 and 540:
Early Bronze IV, Middle Bronze II,
Page 541 and 542:
all obligations undertaken in the t
Page 543 and 544:
showdown between them at Megiddo in
Page 545 and 546:
The Byzantine Period In Byzantine t
Page 547 and 548:
Shean during the Eighteenth Dynasty
Page 549 and 550:
kings of Judah and Israel, in about
Page 551 and 552:
state, akin to the first Austrian r
Page 553 and 554:
ing with expansion to 420 in the mi
Page 555 and 556:
in Transjordan and Ben-Zion rejecte
Page 557 and 558:
BEZALEL (Heb. לֵ אְלַצְ ּ
Page 559 and 560:
Judaism. The seal of the community
Page 561 and 562:
pupils were such outstanding rabbis
Page 563 and 564:
prophetic visions. While biblical t
Page 565 and 566:
learned and “literary,” he anti
Page 567 and 568:
Bibliography: LNYL, 1 (1956), 277-8
Page 569 and 570:
dustrialist, Oskar Stefen; Jews wer
Page 571 and 572:
schmidt (Jerusalem, 1978). Four man
Page 573 and 574:
Judeo-Romance Languages Ladino (Jud
Page 575 and 576:
formulation. However, tannaitic lit
Page 577 and 578:
though Daniel, Psalms, and Proverbs
Page 579 and 580:
Wisdom of Ben Sira is highly signif
Page 581 and 582:
The Order of the Hagiographa 1. 2.
Page 583 and 584:
pronunciation more or less as it ha
Page 585 and 586:
too, warned against teaching from
Page 587 and 588:
of a million of them. The Portugues
Page 589 and 590:
Akkadian noun itself has been conne
Page 591 and 592:
vah, 29) names Targum Onkelos as th
Page 593 and 594:
TARGUM YERUSHALMI TO THE PROPHETS.
Page 595 and 596:
de Qumran (1971); B. Grossfeld, A B
Page 597 and 598:
not know why translators treated th
Page 599 and 600:
(1975); W. McKane. Selected Christi
Page 601 and 602:
vised the Philoxenian Version compl
Page 603 and 604:
is reflected in sentence structure
Page 605 and 606:
his work include his commentary to
Page 607 and 608:
of communication. Most modern trans
Page 609 and 610:
a surrogate, e.g., “heaven.” Af
Page 611 and 612:
tury. They include one of Judges (M
Page 613 and 614:
and James I, reflected the “Angli
Page 615 and 616:
Knox’s translation can be said to
Page 617 and 618:
not subject to the demands of a den
Page 619 and 620:
“son.” Other inclusive sensitiv
Page 621 and 622:
The following sample of interesting
Page 623 and 624:
of individual scholar-translators w
Page 625 and 626:
NJV Remember the Sabbath day and ke
Page 627 and 628:
desirable, not to mention inevitabl
Page 629 and 630:
and especially La Sainte Bible de J
Page 631 and 632:
and Fleischuetz (1778) also referri
Page 633 and 634:
thorough revision of the Icelandic
Page 635 and 636:
the Bulgarians. However, only fragm
Page 637 and 638:
estant Bible appeared in 1817. An I
Page 639 and 640:
Hebrew Text of the Old Testament: T
Page 641 and 642:
gadic approach, or use of parable a
Page 643 and 644:
ing even in halakhah instances of d
Page 645 and 646:
inner meanings should be allowed to
Page 647 and 648:
the Bible. His emendations serve as
Page 649 and 650:
was gradually developing was that t
Page 651 and 652:
of Israel may be seen in the two ma
Page 653 and 654:
quarters “P” is subject to even
Page 655 and 656:
commentaries on Daniel, worthy of s
Page 657 and 658:
I Kgs 22. The inscriptions refer to
Page 659 and 660:
tion. It was Weber who delineated d
Page 661 and 662:
possession of the entire Jewish peo
Page 663 and 664:
tion is mystic (sod; see *Kabbalah)
Page 665 and 666:
Much has been written about Paul’
Page 667 and 668:
lenge to this contention, in what i
Page 669 and 670:
however, was also familiar with the
Page 671 and 672:
1782; Abele, 1797). Two Jewish writ
Page 673 and 674:
to appear, move and sing, the appea
Page 675 and 676:
two main types were the “aristocr
Page 677 and 678:
cial altar with a leaning ramp, the
Page 679 and 680:
choir illustrates Psalm 149, “Hal
Page 681 and 682:
the Bible, the National Bible Socie
Page 683 and 684:
sua Typographia, adjuntos os preço
Page 685 and 686:
Bibliography: Zunz, Gesch, 230-48;
Page 687 and 688:
versities and then gradually shifte
Page 689 and 690:
and 30 other Jews, they formed a pa
Page 691 and 692:
Spreading of Enlightenment.” As a
Page 693 and 694:
RELEASE FROM THE PROHIBITION. The o
Page 695 and 696:
ingly rejected Zionism as an overt
Page 697 and 698:
tinuation of these annuals, M.E. *S
Page 699 and 700:
ics, but his tendency to see everyt
Page 701 and 702:
they discovered that Oliphant could
Page 703 and 704:
East”). Towards the end of its ex
Page 705 and 706:
the Council of Bingen (1455-56) in
Page 707 and 708:
Joseph *Caro’s diary on his heave
Page 709 and 710:
E.E. Lifschutz, Bibliography of Ame
Page 711 and 712:
After the 1837 earthquake that dest
Page 713 and 714:
all ingredients necessary to make s
Page 715 and 716:
ceived the idea that the Jews were
Page 717 and 718:
(1921), Das Kaiser und der Architek
Page 719 and 720:
the Economically Ruined Jewish Mass
Page 721 and 722:
the pangs of childbirth were foreto
Page 723 and 724:
lical To Modern Times (2004); R.L.
Page 725 and 726:
BISCHOFFSHEIM FAMILY RAPHAEL NATHAN
Page 727 and 728:
BISTRITA (Rom. Bistriţa; Hg. Beszt
Page 729 and 730:
BITHIAH, name given by the rabbis t
Page 731 and 732:
losophy Department at the Universit
Page 733 and 734:
tribute among the wells, the cister
Page 735 and 736:
formal organizations rarely contact
Page 737 and 738:
Professor Michael Levin insisted th
Page 739 and 740:
BLANK, ARTHUR M. (1942- ), U.S. ent
Page 741 and 742:
period that he worked with the Krok
Page 743 and 744:
Regarded as the reigning theorist o
Page 745 and 746:
demic Work (1973), On the Nature of
Page 747 and 748:
well as the economic crisis in Pale
Page 749 and 750:
It was the first time in the histor
Page 751 and 752:
eficiary of good fortune or the vic
Page 753 and 754:
1965. He received France’s highes
Page 755 and 756:
able times and by the machinations
Page 757 and 758:
Jewish people to achieve self- dete
Page 759 and 760:
saw, and he was a regular contribut
Page 761 and 762:
Bloch (1977); idem, Utopie, Messian
Page 763 and 764:
of sex and a leader in the movement
Page 765 and 766:
BLOCH, KONRAD (1912-2000), U.S. bio
Page 767 and 768:
versities of Prague and Leipzig, an
Page 769 and 770:
wife, Annette, wrote three books ab
Page 771 and 772:
Bibliography: Dubnow, Hist Russ, 3
Page 773 and 774:
stricted and regulated: the natural
Page 775 and 776:
statues, led to charges of ritual k
Page 777 and 778:
ENCYCLOPAEDIA JUDAICA, Second Editi
Page 779 and 780:
curred in places within the *Pale o
Page 781 and 782:
in the Stream (1977), Sammy and Ros
Page 783 and 784:
BLOOMFIELD, LEONARD (1887-1949), Am
Page 785 and 786:
A bar mitzvah boy surrounded by fam
Page 787:
ABOVE: Ethiopian boys and girls lea
Page 790 and 791:
Dowry of a Jewish bride, made from
Page 792 and 793:
Yemenite Jewish bride and groom in
Page 794 and 795:
abbreviation Rom. Romanian. Rus(s).
Page 796 and 797:
abbreviations Ibn Ezra, Comm. to th
Page 798 and 799:
abbreviations Ohel Moshe (2), Resp.
Page 800 and 801:
abbreviations Yad Ramah, Nov. by Me
Page 802 and 803:
abbreviations Baron, Social S.W. Ba
Page 804 and 805:
abbreviations EG Enẓiklopedyah sh
Page 806 and 807:
abbreviations IEJ Israel Exploratio
Page 808 and 809:
abbreviations MGG 2 Die Musik in Ge
Page 810 and 811:
abbreviations IQSa The Rule of the
Page 812 and 813:
abbreviations TSBA Transactions of
Page 814 and 815:
transliteration rules YIDDISH א no
Page 816 and 817:
GLOSSARY Asterisked terms have sepa
Page 818 and 819:
glossary *Kalām (Ar.), science of
Page 820 and 821:
glossary Resh galuta, lay head of B
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JUDAICA - Wisdom In Torah

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