zurab kiknaZe qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze

TiTqos SobiTganve mravalnacadi da didgamWriaxia – es
misi bedisweruli daxasiaTebebia. aqilevsi mudam fexmardia,
magram, rac mTavaria, xanmokle sicocxle misi bedisweraa,
misi xasiaTi imTaviTve dasazRvrulia da amgvari Semodis
is epikur sinamdvileSi. aseve germaneli zigfridi,
franki rolandi, espaneli sidi, berZeni digenis akritasi
da sxvani da sxvani, romelTa xasiaTsa da bunebaSi Cven veraviTar
cvlilebas gansacdelTa ganvlis Semdeg ver vam-
CnevT. maT TavgadasavalSi ar SeimCneva gardamtexi zRurblebi,
romelTac ganviTarebis safexurebze ahyavT gmiri.
Cveni amocanaa am zRurblTa SemCneva da maTTvis maTi
kuTvnili adgilis miCena gmiris TavgadasavalSi.
epikuri gmiris anu, sxvanairad, tradiciuli gmiris
Tavgadasavlis epizodebad dayofas karga xnis istoria
aqvs. pirvelad (1864 w.) germanelma ioahan georg fon hanma
scada 14 gmiris Tavgadasavlis safuZvelze daedgina 16epizodiani
modeli, romelic oTx jgufad hqonda dayofili:
dabadeba, siWabuke, dabruneba da sxva SemTxvevebi
[raglani: 142-3]. iseTi gmirisaTvis, rogoric amirania, haniseul
sqemaSi mxolod ramdenime elementi Tu gamodgeba,
isic im SemTxvevaSi, Tu am elementebis Sinaarss ramdenadme
gavafarToebT an transformirebulad warmovidgenT:
gmiris ukanonod dabadeba, dabadebisas dayolili
niSnebi, gadagdeba, ucxo col-qmris mier aRzrda. mis kvals
mihyva (1881 w.) alfred nati (Nutt), romelmac 14-mde daiyvana
epizodTa ricxvi, miuxedavad imisa, rom saanalizod damatebiT
kelturi (arturis cikli) da finuri Tqmulebebi
gamoiyena [raglani: 143]. 1934 wels gamoqveynebul SromaSi
`tradiciuli gmiri~ ficroi riCard somerset raglanma
(Fitzroy Richard Somerset Raglan) epizodTa raodenoba 22-mde
gazarda: Tormeti klasikuri, sami bibliuri (iosebi, mose,
elia), erTi germanikuli (zigfridi), erTi kelturi (arturi)
da erTic Zvelegvipturi (nikanga) `biografiebis~ safuZvelze
[raglani: 145-150]. bolos, holandieli folkloristi
ian de frizi (Jan de Vries) 10-epizodian modelamde
daiyvans. Cveni azriT, igi yvelaze optimaluria da, albaT,
universaluric, yovel SemTxvevaSi igi ukeTesad esadageba
amiranis Tavgadasavals. mogvyavs igi mTlianad: I. gmiri
isaxeba; II. ibadeba; III. dabadebuls safrTxe emuqreba; IV. izrdeba;
V. uZlevelia; VI. ebrZvis gveleSaps da sxva urCxu-
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