zurab kiknaZe qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze

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324 sibrZnis poezia – andaza andaza wmida folkloruli Janria. literaturaSi mas analogi ara aqvs. Tu kidev SesaZlebelia xalxuri leqsis Seqmnis Tu asparezze gamoCenis drois dadgena, andazis SemTxvevaSi amas ver SevZlebT, imdenad Cawnulia igi enis wiaRSi. igi enasTan erTad arsebobs, masTan aris sisxlxorceulad dakavSirebuli. yvela niSani <strong>folklori</strong>sa, romelic ki CamovTvaleT, Tavisi wmida saxiT axasiaTebs mas – absoluturi koleqtiuroba, romelic araviTar adgils ar utovebs individualurs, absoluturi anonimuroba, romelic principulad gamoricxavs avtoris arsebobas, variantuloba, romlis diapazoni scildeba erovnul da, Sesabamisad, enobriv sazRvrebs... Tumca is enisa da <strong>folklori</strong>s zRvarzea da, amdenad, mxolod erovnul (eTnikur) niadagze arsebobs. is ibadeba da cocxlobs yoveldRiur yofaSi enis, rogorc metyvelebis, aqtualizaciasTan erTad. ra aris andaza? iqneb misi arsis gansazRvraSi Tavad es sityva andaza dagvexmaros. mivmarTod, rogorc yovel- Tvis aseT SemTxvevebSi, sabas. leqsikografi gvagzavnis sityvasTan magaliTi: èse magaliTi ganiyofebian orad: magaliTad da andazad. magaliTi ars ukve, romlisa saxe genebos, gina qmnuleba saxlisa da karavTa, xatTa da yvavilTa da egeviTarTa. xolo andaza samoselTa da sabuxarTa da xamlTa da raodeni gamoikveTebian egeviTarni~. saba calke ganmartavs: `saandazo – andazad dasadebeli, samagali- To – saandazo~. rogorc vxedavT, andazas Tavdapirvelad Targis mniSvneloba hqonia. xolo ra aris Targi, Tu ara arqetipi, romlis mixedviT iqmneba yvelaferi, iqneba es materialuri sagani ram Tu swavleba anda saqcieli. andaza nivTieri Targis mniSvnelobidan adis sityvier-azrobrivi Targis mniSvnelobamde. andaza, amrigad, misi Zveli semantikidan gamomdinare, aris arqetipuli Tqma, erT winadadebaSi dawnexili codna (sibrZne). sagulisxmoa, rom zogjer andaza anderZTan aris gaigivebuli. magaliTad, akaki `baSi-aCukSi~ wers: àRar gaxsovT Zveli anderZi: sircxvils sikvdili
sjobs da orive erTad ki – jojoxeTiao?~ ufro adre ar- Cil mefesTan vxvdebiT am gaigivebas: àsre daxvden orni Zmani, viT mamisgan eandaza~ (nacvlad mosalodneli eanderZa-si). anderZi akakisTan andazis mniSvnelobiT gamoiyeneba da andaza arCilTan – anderZis mniSvnelobiT. mas unda daematos samagaliTo striqoni `didmouravianidan~: `Cemi saqme dReis ukan andazad da xidad deviT~. am striqonis mniSvneloba ufro metia, vidre is konteqsti, sadac naTqvamia igi. Tavad striqoni gvauwyebs, Tu rogor ibadeba andaza, ufro sworad, andrezi pirvelsaqcielidan, rogorc xidi, romlis wiaR erTmaneTSi gadadian Taobebi. àndaza-xidi~ mowodebulia warsulsa da awmyos Soris kavSiris Sesakvrelad. andaza unda Seicavdes iseT codnas, gamocdilebas, romelic eRireba Sesanaxad da TaobebSi gadasacemad. aseTi Rirebulia swored yoveli andazis Sinaarsi, am Rirebulebis ZaliT mimodis igi bagidan bagemde, Taobidan Taobamde, xalxidan xalxamde, ganfenilia rogorc qseli mTel kacobriobaSi.andazas narTaulad, Sefarulad, igavurad moaqvs Cvenamde Tavisi saTqmeli. Tu anderZTan mas tradiciuloba anaTesavebs, igavi gamoTqmis saSualebaze, xerxze miuTiTebs. amitomac ar aris SemTxveviTi, rom igavebi ewodeba solomonis mier Sekrebil gamonaTqvamebs, romlebic sxva araferia, Tu ara andazebi (da asec aris Targmnili sxva enebze. Proverbs of Solomon, Die Sprüche Salomos, Ïðèò÷è Ñîëîìîíîâû da sxva). andazis, iseve rogorc yoveli folkloruli teqstis, Seswavlas sami mxare aqvs: 1) formaluri anu morfologiur-struqturuli, 2) Sinaarsobrivi da 3) funqciuri. amgvarad, andaza SeiZleba ganvixiloT sam doneze: 1) teqstis doneze, 2) mniSvnelobis doneze, 3) gamoyenebis doneze. rogorc enaSi arsebobs sinonimebi (Tumca ara absoluturi), aseve arsebobs sinonimuri andazebi, romlebic er- Tsa da imave Sinaarss, mniSvnelobas sxvadasxva saSualebebiT gamoxataven. amrigad, andazis gulisguli, riTac is Tavis funqcias asrulebs, mis meore doneze anu mis mniSvnelobaSia saZiebeli. magaliTad, formalurad, teqstis doneze es ori andaza erTmaneTisgan ar gansxvavdeba: 1) `Tu 325
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zurab kiknaZe qarTuli folklori
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ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilis
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sarCevi winasityvaoba..............
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winasityvaoba vidre adamiani Tavis
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ar unda gvkvebos imis iluziam, rom
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Sesavali
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14 rcelebis zepiri forma, variantul
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16 inaxavs `codnas~ am miwa-wyalze,
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18 RvTaebrivi gamocxadebis Sedegad
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zepirsityvieri Semoqmedebis niSnebi
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xveli Tavad kiTxulobs teqsts, is mo
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am niWieris Semoqmedebaze da misi S
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feli, es kuTxe) yovelTvis konkretul
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am individualurs. magram Tu sazogad
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yofiToba yofiToba mniSvnelovani niS
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dasasrul, ar SeiZleba ar aRiniSnos,
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si vinaobis Sesaxeb, samagierod bev
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teraturuli nawarmoebisTvis mxolod f
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mixedviT, folklori, rogorc hans nau
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zepirsityvieri Janrebi
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44 naobis gareSe, adamiani, romelic
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46 reba ritualebs, romlebic misi cx
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48 ciumis saxeliT gamoxatavs. es ar
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50 nieris xmiT ambobdnen im alilos,
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52 ni gaakeTos. Cven ki vecdebiT, r
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sami berZnuli sityva: miTosi (mutho
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wmida giorgi mec viyav, cas vebi oq
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omelic TiToeul maTgan iyenebs instr
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qanculi brundeba. sofeli daudarajde
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erT dRes Tamari Tavisi amaliT sanad
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Sedarebuli xsenebul matianeSi. gior
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cvari erTsa da imave dros misi ganm
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Tan dawveboda da, roca `dainacoxreb
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RvTisSvilTa da dev-kerpTa brZolebi
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eposi
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76 ra adgili uWiravs eposs qarTul f
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78 sakacobrioa. iyo xana folklorist
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80 nels marTebs daicvas zRapris mos
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82 valad brundeba Sin. es ara mxolo
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84 is asrulebs: gmiris dasaCuqrebis
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86 6. crugmiri. misi mTavari funqci
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88 is ndobiTa da rwmeniT aris savse
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90 gvamcno. amazea naTqvami: `dro a
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92 jadosnur-fantastikuri garemo imi
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94 Ta igavebi miTosis rols asrulebe
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96 TiTqos es ar aris Tavisuflebis s
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98 liTad, winaswarmetyvel balaamis
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100 an. amas aCvenebs cxovelTa epos
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102 sayofiero zRapari anu xalxuri n
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104 CaSlaSi) mTeli zRapruli sinamdv
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106 ara da, Tavs movWrio. oTxmocdac
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108 belianis im morielisa, romelsac
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110 med SurduliT, romelic goliaTis
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112 ni. rac ufro vSordebiT evraziul
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114 es gzebia - mcire aziidan xmelT
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116 tragikuli eposi - àmiraniani~
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118 Soris, romelTac gaivlis tragiku
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120 lebs; VII. didi gansacdelis gav
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122 kuTriv amiraniseulad. mTavari m
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124 III. naTloba. qristianuli sarwm
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126 Tavisi erTaderTi antagonisti de
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128 gonistur arsebaTa, boroteul Zal
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130 cxadia, amiranis STanTqma-amonT
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132 e.w. primitiul xalxebSi uwodebe
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134 ras niSnavs es `gareT gadgmuli
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136 si, rogorc adamianis, gamosacde
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138 obs, rom man RmerTTan metoqeoba
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140 ar arian mis gverdiT arc misi Z
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142 aRTqmas, manam amirani mijaWvul
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144 naSe Tavis uZlurebaSi darwmuneb
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146 macia meoreulia, igi axali kaco
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148 gamoqvabulSi (oCamCiris maxlobl
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150 Tumca Sinaganis problema arc dg
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152 samijnuro eposi - èTeriani~ è
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154 ulebriv, iwyeba im personaJiT,
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156 sudaniani~ da sxvani, romelTac
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158 VI. qoSi ikargeba. ukana gzaze
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160 II. abesalomi sanadirod gadis.
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162 jer uxdeba eTerTan misvla. b. e
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164 abesalomTan Sexvedramde da qorw
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166 mefe, Camodis taxtidan da emsax
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168 murmani èTerianis~ specifikas,
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170 `kargad ici, brolis cixe rogor
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172 obac, waerTva is, rasac rusTave
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174 xolo rac xdeba èTerianSi~, zRa
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176 socialur-egzistencialuri eposi
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178 cixe; saqarTvelos farglebs gare
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180 gamovyoT da gavaanalizoT àrsen
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182 vlis statuss, rogorc ardaSir pa
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184 mis brZolas socialuri usamarTlo
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186 ulia). arsenas ukve motacebuli
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188 Rirs oriode sityva iTqvas mikit
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190 rans rom daxvdeba gzaze gamosac
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192 baSi sakuTar Tavze nawvnevi uma
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194 siRrmiseulad, rogorc pirovneba,
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196 mdegobis gawevas, igi mxolod au
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198 da mere arsenam uTxra, ro ninik
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200 Sin man gamomicxada: `me arsena
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202 fa umik.: SoTa rusTavelis sax.
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sakulto poezia rodesac sakulto poez
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mkvdris cxenis, jvarSi Sewiruli niv
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joxeTi urZeo urRveveli, didia zRude
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mdgomo angelozo! aem sanTel-Wiqa-ba
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iaxsari, Rulis jvari, ixsenebs deve
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naoWiani Cavicvidio, qoqomon gavabr
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lis fsiqologia. isini gansxvavebuli
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kvnaT, rom Selocvebi Sedegia qristi
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calke aRebuli es teqsti namdvili ab
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vari da bozali~) damTavrebuli - mTl
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`qveda qveyanaze~ socialurad yvelaf
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meoxebas uwevs mtirals da zianis ms
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tem - am motiviT iwyeba Selocvis te
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`saxeliTa xvTisaTa, mamisa da ZisaT
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qalsa qajaveTisasa maxe davudgiT, S
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li Selocvas RvTismSobels miawers: `
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xatvelia: daSvroma, maSvrali... is
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glexebi usimRerod arc erT samuSaos
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toriteti mowmobs, romelTanac ver mi
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Taviseburi, mxolod misTvis damaxasi
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mosvlis Semdeg (XVII saukunidan) Se
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òblisa deda Cioda: Svili momikla m
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sagulisxmo is aris, rom SeZaxilSi,
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sti da melodia sruliad Sesatyvisoba
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iwivla gvelma libuCiao, ez gatyda,
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SeniSvna. mTiblurs, Tumca mas, Cveu
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klasikuria es sityvebi, namdvilad g
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sagmiro poezia Tu sagmiro poezias m
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TxveviToba, rac mas SeuSlida xels s
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is gamomxatvelia. magram simRere yo
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metyvelebs. msmenels ar eeWveba, ro
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Tu mxolod sikvdiliT moipoveba saxel
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aqvs: `mauqnevs xoSurauli, gaagdebi
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ukeTesad da ufro amomwuravad, da me
Page 273 and 274: am Zneli iqneba misTvis xalxur, gan
Page 275 and 276: magram ara, `Siola da mTrexeli~ ise
Page 277 and 278: es misi daRupvis gare mxarea. Temi
Page 279 and 280: el winaswarmetyvelTa da msajulTa da
Page 281 and 282: is mTels wyebas, raTa misi nadiroba
Page 283 and 284: yves mis kvals. Sunis saxiT movleni
Page 285 and 286: SeniSvna. `kacs iklebs sindaurisZe,
Page 287 and 288: literatura baliauri: baliauri m., m
Page 289 and 290: vebs, rom siyvaruli sikvdiliviT Zli
Page 291 and 292: imsxvreva. es aris saerTo mounelebe
Page 293 and 294: wuxel moida siskari, manaTobeli Ram
Page 295 and 296: dis scenaze. ra iyo ukanaskneli wve
Page 297 and 298: yo uwyvetliT gadmoeca ambavi. `zRva
Page 299 and 300: alada mecxvaris siyvarulze mravalmx
Page 301 and 302: asea Tu ise, vaJs qalis datyvevebis
Page 303 and 304: `- Tu gvkiTxav, vaJo, giambobT, lop
Page 305 and 306: saxeli unda, rogorc `Txistyavians~
Page 307 and 308: dalais struqtura aseTia: igi eqvsi
Page 309 and 310: gafrindi qoris wiwilaoo, cixeSi Sai
Page 311 and 312: magonebeli Tavad micvalebulia. `xmi
Page 313 and 314: Svils da vinmes qmars? yvela naTesa
Page 315 and 316: datirebulis zneobrivi saxe aris Tu
Page 317 and 318: namxrevT saTaves nayudebio, gaRvard
Page 319 and 320: Tumca misi moxmoba ar aris moulodne
Page 321 and 322: 5. gamrigeoba. gzianoba, sxvisi daj
Page 323: daroT xevsurul `jvarTenas~, romlis
Page 327 and 328: Sairis naxevartaepia: èrTi dro Cit
Page 329 and 330: `sasargeblo - usargeblo (fuWi)~: `k
Page 331: folkloristikis istoriidan
Page 334 and 335: 334 sulis idealizacia, bunebrioba,
Page 336 and 337: 336 lenrotisgan, aramed kulturulad
Page 338 and 339: 338 riodul gamocemebSi, romelTa saT
Page 340 and 341: 340 xalxs da SemdegSi gadadis erTi
Page 342 and 343: 342 razikaSvili: xalxuri sityviereb
Page 345 and 346: ac unda vilaparakoT xalxuri Semoqme
Page 347 and 348: a mis samudamo da erTaderT avtorad.
Page 349 and 350: i ìakobis pirvelsaxareba~ 222 iose
Page 351: gamomcemlobis redaqtori cira jiSkar
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