zurab kiknaZe qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze

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178 cixe; saqarTvelos farglebs gareT: yazaxi (azerbaijan- Si). arsenas ambavSi monawileoben da ubralod naxsenebi arian sxvadasxva erovnebis warmomadgenlebi, rac kargad asaxavs istoriuli saqarTvelos eTnikur-demografiul suraTs. visi Seqmnilic unda iyos àrsenas leqsi~ – qarCoxeli mecxvarisa Tu raWveli mestvirisa, igi xalasi xalxuri geniis Semoqmedebis nayofia, masSi sWvivis qristianuli suli, gamgebi da mimtevebeli yoveli adamianuri codvisa. xSiri xseneba RvTis saxelisa, mironis madlisa, pirjvrisa, dalocvis sityvebisa àrsenas leqsSi~ arc SemTxveviTia, arc ubralod sityvis masalaa, arc mxolod Cveuleba an tradiciaa, arc e.w. xarkia epoqisadmi. es realiebi leqsis organuli nawilia, romelic gansazRvravs mTavari gmiris xasiaTs, rogoradac surs, igi dainaxos mestvirem, romelic Tavis simReras, Zveli rafsodebis msgavsad, uzenaesis xsenebiT iwyebs: `SairsityviTa mestvirem RmerTi maRali axsena~... RvTis saxelis xsenebiT iwyeba da sasufevlis naTlis xsenebiT mTavrdeba àrsenas leqsi~ (ìq naTeli daadgesa~). es, pirvel rigSi, mestvireTa religiurobis, maTi qristianuli mrwamsis gamoxatulebaa. Znelia moiZebnos xalxuri nawarmoebi, romelic ise mdidari iyos qristianuli leqsikiT, rogorc àrsenas leqsia~. esoden mcire sivrceze RmerTisa da sxva wmida saxelTa (siwmideTa, rogoric aris: mironi, naTloba, sefiskveri, wirva, pirjvari, madli, aRdgoma, RvTismSobeli...) da gamoTqmaTa xseneba (yovel meTxuTmete striqonSi!) gansakuTrebul na- Tels hfens teqsts, romlis mTavari Tema TviT mis SemqmnelTaTvis srulebiTac ar aris religiuri – is arsenas sagmiro saqmeebs gadmogvcems. gansxvavebiT sxva sagmiro leqsebisagan, Tundac amiranis miTologiuri eposisagan, àrsenas leqsSi~ datrialebuli suli gvagrZnobinebs mis mkiTxvelT, rom qristianul qveyanaSi vimyofebiT (mestvire yovelnairad aZlierebs am gancdas) da ara sadRac religiurad gaurkvevel samyaroSi. da mainc, arsena, cxadia, epikuri gmiria. amitomac misi gmiruli biografia tradiciuli epikuri gmiris Tavgadasavlis kalapotSi miedineba. aq Cven gvecnaureba tipurad igive epizodebi, igive `zRurblebi~, romlebic gaiara da gadalaxa amiranma. arsena gardauvali aucileblobiT ga-
ivlis maT. arsena amas ver ascdeba, Tumca igi istoriul droSi cxovrobs da moqmedebs. àmiraniansa~ da àrsenas leqss~ Soris siaxlove pirvelad anton xinTibiZem aRniSna: `Cven zemoT moyvanili adgilebis mxolod formaluri damTxveva aRvniSneT. unda vivaraudoT, rom mas Sinaarsobrivi safuZvlebi eqneboda. es, erTi SexedviT, TiTqos ar Cans, magram amiranisa da arsenas mxatvruli saxeebis guldasmiTi analiziT aSkara xdeba. marTlac, am ori gmiris cxovrebis epizodebi erTmaneTs emTxveva~ [xinTibiZe: 89]. Tumca avtori ar akonkretebs am epizodebs. igi avlebs mxolod zogad paralels maT brZolebSi, erTi mxriv, borotebisa da, meore mxriv, usamarTlobis winaaRmdeg. sagulisxmoa daskvna: àrsenas leqsi~ Sorsaa miTiuri garemosagan, amitom gmiris cxovreba realisturad aris asaxuli, magram àmiranisa~ da àrsenas leqsis~ am adgilebis plastikur-poeturi Strixebi mainc erTimeores emTxveva. aqac aSkarad Cans àmiranis~ gavlena àrsenas leqsze~ [xinTibiZe: 89]. msgavseba am or eposs Soris ufro metia da Rrma, vidre plastikur-poeturi. is siRrmiseulia, rasac maTi struqtura aaSkaravebs. saerTo agebuleba (epizodTa Tanamimdevrobis saxiT) amxels maT siRrmiseul identurobas, romelic tipologiuric aris da geneturic, ramdenadac isini erTi saerTo tradiciis kuTvnilebaa. àrsenas leqsze~ gacilebiT adrindeli, SeiZleba iTqvas, misTvis arqetipuli àmiranianis~ gavlena mxolod amgvarad unda iqnes gagebuli. àrsenas leqsi~ da àmiraniani~ erT epikur kalapotSi (tradiciaSi), Tumca radikalurad gansxvavebul socialur SreebSi miedinebian. zemoTqmuli gvaZlevs saSualebas, rom àrsenas leqsSi~ àmiranianis~ analogiuri epizodebi gamovyoT. ~arsenas leqsSi~ erTmaneTs erwymis da emsWvaleba sami Sre: 1. miTologiuri, romelic SeiZleba saTaves iRebdes uSualod arqetipidan an uaxloesi wyarodan – àmiranianidan~. gmiris aRzeveba da dacema. janyi, hubrisi. 2. socialuri Sre: samarTali-usamarTloba. winaaRmdegoba, Seurigebloba, krizisi socialur niadagze. 3. egzistencialuri plani. pirovnebis bedi. krizisi pirovnul niadagze. samive Sre met-naklebad `leqsis~ yvela ZiriTad epizodSi ikiTxeba. 179
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zurab kiknaZe qarTuli folklori
Page 3 and 4:
ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilis
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sarCevi winasityvaoba..............
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winasityvaoba vidre adamiani Tavis
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ar unda gvkvebos imis iluziam, rom
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Sesavali
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14 rcelebis zepiri forma, variantul
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16 inaxavs `codnas~ am miwa-wyalze,
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18 RvTaebrivi gamocxadebis Sedegad
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zepirsityvieri Semoqmedebis niSnebi
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xveli Tavad kiTxulobs teqsts, is mo
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am niWieris Semoqmedebaze da misi S
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feli, es kuTxe) yovelTvis konkretul
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am individualurs. magram Tu sazogad
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yofiToba yofiToba mniSvnelovani niS
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dasasrul, ar SeiZleba ar aRiniSnos,
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si vinaobis Sesaxeb, samagierod bev
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teraturuli nawarmoebisTvis mxolod f
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mixedviT, folklori, rogorc hans nau
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zepirsityvieri Janrebi
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44 naobis gareSe, adamiani, romelic
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46 reba ritualebs, romlebic misi cx
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48 ciumis saxeliT gamoxatavs. es ar
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50 nieris xmiT ambobdnen im alilos,
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52 ni gaakeTos. Cven ki vecdebiT, r
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sami berZnuli sityva: miTosi (mutho
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wmida giorgi mec viyav, cas vebi oq
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omelic TiToeul maTgan iyenebs instr
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qanculi brundeba. sofeli daudarajde
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erT dRes Tamari Tavisi amaliT sanad
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Sedarebuli xsenebul matianeSi. gior
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cvari erTsa da imave dros misi ganm
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Tan dawveboda da, roca `dainacoxreb
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RvTisSvilTa da dev-kerpTa brZolebi
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eposi
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76 ra adgili uWiravs eposs qarTul f
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78 sakacobrioa. iyo xana folklorist
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80 nels marTebs daicvas zRapris mos
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82 valad brundeba Sin. es ara mxolo
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84 is asrulebs: gmiris dasaCuqrebis
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86 6. crugmiri. misi mTavari funqci
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88 is ndobiTa da rwmeniT aris savse
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90 gvamcno. amazea naTqvami: `dro a
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92 jadosnur-fantastikuri garemo imi
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94 Ta igavebi miTosis rols asrulebe
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96 TiTqos es ar aris Tavisuflebis s
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98 liTad, winaswarmetyvel balaamis
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100 an. amas aCvenebs cxovelTa epos
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102 sayofiero zRapari anu xalxuri n
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104 CaSlaSi) mTeli zRapruli sinamdv
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106 ara da, Tavs movWrio. oTxmocdac
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108 belianis im morielisa, romelsac
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110 med SurduliT, romelic goliaTis
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112 ni. rac ufro vSordebiT evraziul
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114 es gzebia - mcire aziidan xmelT
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116 tragikuli eposi - àmiraniani~
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118 Soris, romelTac gaivlis tragiku
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120 lebs; VII. didi gansacdelis gav
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122 kuTriv amiraniseulad. mTavari m
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124 III. naTloba. qristianuli sarwm
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126 Tavisi erTaderTi antagonisti de
Page 128 and 129: 128 gonistur arsebaTa, boroteul Zal
Page 130 and 131: 130 cxadia, amiranis STanTqma-amonT
Page 132 and 133: 132 e.w. primitiul xalxebSi uwodebe
Page 134 and 135: 134 ras niSnavs es `gareT gadgmuli
Page 136 and 137: 136 si, rogorc adamianis, gamosacde
Page 138 and 139: 138 obs, rom man RmerTTan metoqeoba
Page 140 and 141: 140 ar arian mis gverdiT arc misi Z
Page 142 and 143: 142 aRTqmas, manam amirani mijaWvul
Page 144 and 145: 144 naSe Tavis uZlurebaSi darwmuneb
Page 146 and 147: 146 macia meoreulia, igi axali kaco
Page 148 and 149: 148 gamoqvabulSi (oCamCiris maxlobl
Page 150 and 151: 150 Tumca Sinaganis problema arc dg
Page 152 and 153: 152 samijnuro eposi - èTeriani~ è
Page 154 and 155: 154 ulebriv, iwyeba im personaJiT,
Page 156 and 157: 156 sudaniani~ da sxvani, romelTac
Page 158 and 159: 158 VI. qoSi ikargeba. ukana gzaze
Page 160 and 161: 160 II. abesalomi sanadirod gadis.
Page 162 and 163: 162 jer uxdeba eTerTan misvla. b. e
Page 164 and 165: 164 abesalomTan Sexvedramde da qorw
Page 166 and 167: 166 mefe, Camodis taxtidan da emsax
Page 168 and 169: 168 murmani èTerianis~ specifikas,
Page 170 and 171: 170 `kargad ici, brolis cixe rogor
Page 172 and 173: 172 obac, waerTva is, rasac rusTave
Page 174 and 175: 174 xolo rac xdeba èTerianSi~, zRa
Page 176 and 177: 176 socialur-egzistencialuri eposi
Page 180 and 181: 180 gamovyoT da gavaanalizoT àrsen
Page 182 and 183: 182 vlis statuss, rogorc ardaSir pa
Page 184 and 185: 184 mis brZolas socialuri usamarTlo
Page 186 and 187: 186 ulia). arsenas ukve motacebuli
Page 188 and 189: 188 Rirs oriode sityva iTqvas mikit
Page 190 and 191: 190 rans rom daxvdeba gzaze gamosac
Page 192 and 193: 192 baSi sakuTar Tavze nawvnevi uma
Page 194 and 195: 194 siRrmiseulad, rogorc pirovneba,
Page 196 and 197: 196 mdegobis gawevas, igi mxolod au
Page 198 and 199: 198 da mere arsenam uTxra, ro ninik
Page 200 and 201: 200 Sin man gamomicxada: `me arsena
Page 202 and 203: 202 fa umik.: SoTa rusTavelis sax.
Page 205 and 206: sakulto poezia rodesac sakulto poez
Page 207 and 208: mkvdris cxenis, jvarSi Sewiruli niv
Page 209 and 210: joxeTi urZeo urRveveli, didia zRude
Page 211 and 212: mdgomo angelozo! aem sanTel-Wiqa-ba
Page 213 and 214: iaxsari, Rulis jvari, ixsenebs deve
Page 215 and 216: naoWiani Cavicvidio, qoqomon gavabr
Page 217 and 218: lis fsiqologia. isini gansxvavebuli
Page 219 and 220: kvnaT, rom Selocvebi Sedegia qristi
Page 221 and 222: calke aRebuli es teqsti namdvili ab
Page 223 and 224: vari da bozali~) damTavrebuli - mTl
Page 225 and 226: `qveda qveyanaze~ socialurad yvelaf
Page 227 and 228: meoxebas uwevs mtirals da zianis ms
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tem - am motiviT iwyeba Selocvis te
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`saxeliTa xvTisaTa, mamisa da ZisaT
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qalsa qajaveTisasa maxe davudgiT, S
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li Selocvas RvTismSobels miawers: `
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xatvelia: daSvroma, maSvrali... is
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glexebi usimRerod arc erT samuSaos
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toriteti mowmobs, romelTanac ver mi
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Taviseburi, mxolod misTvis damaxasi
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mosvlis Semdeg (XVII saukunidan) Se
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òblisa deda Cioda: Svili momikla m
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sagulisxmo is aris, rom SeZaxilSi,
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sti da melodia sruliad Sesatyvisoba
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iwivla gvelma libuCiao, ez gatyda,
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SeniSvna. mTiblurs, Tumca mas, Cveu
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klasikuria es sityvebi, namdvilad g
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sagmiro poezia Tu sagmiro poezias m
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TxveviToba, rac mas SeuSlida xels s
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is gamomxatvelia. magram simRere yo
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metyvelebs. msmenels ar eeWveba, ro
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Tu mxolod sikvdiliT moipoveba saxel
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aqvs: `mauqnevs xoSurauli, gaagdebi
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ukeTesad da ufro amomwuravad, da me
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am Zneli iqneba misTvis xalxur, gan
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magram ara, `Siola da mTrexeli~ ise
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es misi daRupvis gare mxarea. Temi
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el winaswarmetyvelTa da msajulTa da
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is mTels wyebas, raTa misi nadiroba
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yves mis kvals. Sunis saxiT movleni
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SeniSvna. `kacs iklebs sindaurisZe,
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literatura baliauri: baliauri m., m
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vebs, rom siyvaruli sikvdiliviT Zli
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imsxvreva. es aris saerTo mounelebe
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wuxel moida siskari, manaTobeli Ram
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dis scenaze. ra iyo ukanaskneli wve
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yo uwyvetliT gadmoeca ambavi. `zRva
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alada mecxvaris siyvarulze mravalmx
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asea Tu ise, vaJs qalis datyvevebis
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`- Tu gvkiTxav, vaJo, giambobT, lop
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saxeli unda, rogorc `Txistyavians~
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dalais struqtura aseTia: igi eqvsi
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gafrindi qoris wiwilaoo, cixeSi Sai
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magonebeli Tavad micvalebulia. `xmi
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Svils da vinmes qmars? yvela naTesa
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datirebulis zneobrivi saxe aris Tu
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namxrevT saTaves nayudebio, gaRvard
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Tumca misi moxmoba ar aris moulodne
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5. gamrigeoba. gzianoba, sxvisi daj
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daroT xevsurul `jvarTenas~, romlis
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sjobs da orive erTad ki - jojoxeTia
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Sairis naxevartaepia: èrTi dro Cit
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`sasargeblo - usargeblo (fuWi)~: `k
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folkloristikis istoriidan
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334 sulis idealizacia, bunebrioba,
Page 336 and 337:
336 lenrotisgan, aramed kulturulad
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338 riodul gamocemebSi, romelTa saT
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340 xalxs da SemdegSi gadadis erTi
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342 razikaSvili: xalxuri sityviereb
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ac unda vilaparakoT xalxuri Semoqme
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a mis samudamo da erTaderT avtorad.
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i ìakobis pirvelsaxareba~ 222 iose
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gamomcemlobis redaqtori cira jiSkar
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