zurab kiknaZe qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze

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samijnuro eposi – `eTeriani~
`eTeriani~ cameti variantis safuZvelze pirvelad
p. umikaSvilma gamoaqveyna 1875 wels. gamomcemeli mas `zRapars~
uwodebs (`abesalom da eTeris zRapari iseTi ram
aris...~) da, marTlac, am ambavs variantTa umetesobaSi
zRapris samoseli mosavs Tavisi tradiciuli winkariT –
`iyo-da-ara-iyo-ra~. zogierT CanawerSi gazRaprebis procesi
bolomdea misuli: ambavi zRapriseuli klasikuri dasasruliT
– qorwiliT da `Wiri-iqa-lxini-aqa~-Ti mTavrdeba,
radgan ar gamoCndeba murmani da, cxadia, arc im tragedias
rCeba adgili, romelic `eTerianis~, rogorc samijnuro
eposis individualobas qmnis. am saxis variantebSi
eposi mTlianad Zleulia zRapris stiqiisagan. gazRaprebis
tendencia gasagebia, ramdenadac es TxrobiTi Janri,
rogorc misi sakuTreba, sxva JanrTagan yvelaze ukeTesad
miesadaga xalxis cnobierebas (rogorc davinaxeT, `amiranianic~
ver ascda am tendencias).
msgavsad `amiranianisa~, `eTerianic~ prozisa da leqsisgan
Sedgeba. prozac da leqsic mTeli saqarTvelos farglebSi
(da mis gareTac) aris dadasturebuli. `eTerianis~
pirveli gamomcemeli winasityvaobaSi werda: `es eTeriani,
Sedgenili saxalxo leqsebisa da pirad naTqvamobisagan,
romelnic darCenilan dRevandlamde saqarTvelos
yvela nawilebSi. zemoxsenebuli leqsebi da pirad naTqvamobani
(ricxviT cametni) ekuTvnis Semdeg adgilebs:
qarTls, kaxeTs, imereTs, samcxes (axalcixis mazras), xevsureTs,
xevs (Tergisas) da qalaq mozdoks~ [eTeriani 1875].
aq `naTqvamoba~ prozaul monaTxrobs gulisxmobs, romelic
sakmaod sxvaobs variantebSi. ar arsebobs kanonikuri
prozauli xalxuri teqsti. leqsi ki ucvlelia da met-naklebad
inarCunebs Tavis saxes Canaweridan CanawerSi. es ki
imas unda niSnavdes, rom poeturi teqsti `eTerianSi~ pirveladia,
arqetipulia, prozauli ki – meoradi, Semavsebeli.
amitomac zRapradqceul variantebSi poetur Canar-
Tebs ver vxvdebiT – aseTia variantTa wre I (ix. qvemoT).
Tumca sxva SexedulebiT, `eTerianis eposis birTvi prozaulia~
[qurdovaniZe 1975: 115] da, ufro metic: eposi zRapris
niadagzea Camoyalibebuli, anu misi pirvelwyaro aris
zRapari [qurdovaniZe 1975: 114, 113]. Znelia am Tvalsazri-