Magin_Edward-thesis

86
(68) her dem ew se’et çar t-ê-t (Şirîn 2002:7)
all time 3D hour four IPFV-come.PRS-3SG
‘He always comes at 4:00.’
(69) her roj ew çiklêt-a t-în-it (Şirîn 2002:7)
every day 3D candy-EZ.PL IPFV-bring.PRS-3SG
‘She brings candies every day.’
Another irregularity of the verb pair hat/ê is its imperative forms. For singular
commands, one would say, were. For plural commands, one would say weren. The verb
pair çû/ç, ‘go,’ also has irregular singular and plural imperatives, herre and herren,
respectively.
4.4.3.6 Complex predicates (complex verbs)
Many predicates in Northern Kurdish are complex, having two or more parts. The
first may be referred to as the nonverbal element, which may be a noun, an adjective, an
adverb, a prepositional phrase, or a particle. The second part is what is often referred to
as a ‘light’ verb. The most common light verbs are bû/b/Ø, ‘be,’ and kir/k, ‘do, make.’
These verbs may be used independent of nonverbal elements. However, when they are
used with nonverbal elements, they only fulfill part of the verbal expression.
Some complex predicates may or may not be written as one word, although
syntactically the nonverbal element forms a verb phrase with the light verb. As an idiom,
although the phrase is composed of more than one word, it nevertheless has a single
meaning. The nonverbal element cannot be conjugated, and, other than an aspect affix,
nothing can occur between the nonverbal element and the light verb. In many complex
predicates having a noun as the nonverbal element, the noun is not considered the object
in the sentence but part of the verb.
Examples (70) through (72) illustrate usages of complex predicates having a
single nonverbal element. In (70), the compound verb is xilas kim, ‘I finish.’ The word
xilas, the nonverbal element of the compound verb phrase, cannot possibly be the object,
as dersa xwe, ‘my lesson,’ is fulfilling that function. In (71) the compound verb çêdikit,
‘is making,’ is written as one word having the imperfective aspect di- embedded between