Magin_Edward-thesis

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210 receptor language. With regard to the linguistic level, no attempt was made to use older language and every attempt was made to use pure Northern Kurdish in the translations, which is presently the norm among Northern Kurdish poets. These decisions may be viewed as modernizing on the linguistic level. Regarding the socio-cultural level, I did not find that the subject matter of the poem provided much opportunity for historicizing or modernizing. Even if there were situations that could be modernized, I would likely prefer to retain socio-cultural aspects of a poem, as I feel they would provide some of the more interesting features of the poem. Undoubtedly, some who do not believe in God may not appreciate the poem. But to change “God” to “It” for such an audience would certainly be inappropriate, as God is the central figure of the poem, and the lines speak of his character and intervention in the affairs of humankind. I was fortunate to receive the help of Perwer Shushi, a poet in her own right, who is actively writing in the Neo-classical style. She possesses a B.A. in journalism from an American university and works as a writer and editor. Though she presently lives in the United States, she remains very connected to her homeland in Northern Iraq. Having become familiar with Northern Kurdish poets from Iraq, Syria, Turkey and Europe, she has a profound knowledge of the language and how it differs by location. My work with Shushi began by providing her with my own translation of the poem, which tended toward being more “literal.” After making some adjustments as per Shushi’s recommendations, we reached the version found in (351). I will discuss this version before moving on to Shushi’s own translation of the poem in (352). 6.1 My version of Allah, after Shushi’s input The rhyme scheme that I used in my version of the poem in (351) is AAXA, BBXB, CCXC, where the X line is free of end rhyme (see § 5.3.1.1). The syllable structure for each quatrain is 11-11-10-11. In my original version, I attempted to keep the syllable count consistent in every line. However, I learned from Shushi that Northern Kurdish poets, such as Cegerxwîn, often reduce the syllable count of the line that is free from end rhyme by one syllable. For the reader and listener, it gives the poem a sort of
211 ‘break,’ as Shushi described it to me. The break adds a pleasing aesthetic feature to the rhythm of the quatrain. This conforms to Boerger’s fourth principle, that borrowed forms are often modified to conform to receptor language practices (1997:37). Concerning rhyme, I only attempted to rhyme the final syllable of each line. If I had chosen Holmes’ “mimetic form” approach (§ 2.2.4.1.2), I would have applied Longfellow’s form to the translation, with syllable counts for the three quatrains being 7-6-7-6, 9-7-8-6, 7-6-7-6, and the rhyme scheme being XBXB, CDCD, XEXE. In the discussion that follows, I convey modifications that were made to my original translation (not shown) so that the reader may understand some aspects of the decision-making process. Some modifications were made by me while others were made by way of Shushi’s recommendations. (351) Allah gives light in darkness, Xwedê çira li_nav tarî-yê di-d-et God light in.midst.of darkness-OBL.F IMPV-give.PRS-3SG ‘God gives light in the midst of darkness,’ Allah gives rest in pain, Xwedê aram-î li_nav derd-an di-d-et God rest-OBL.M in.midst.of pain-OBL.PL IMPV-give.PRS-3SG ‘God gives rest in the midst of pain,’ Cheeks that are white with weeping Wext-ê ru spî bun ji_ber girî-yê when-OBL.M cheek white become because.of crying-OBL.F ‘When cheeks become white because of crying,’ Allah paints red again. Xwedê dîsa bi sorr-î boyax di-k-et God again with red-OBL.M dye IMPV-do.PRS-3SG ‘God dyes the red again.’ * The flowers and the blossoms wither, Gul u kulîlk-ên buhar-ê di-wêry-in, flower and blossom-EZ.PL spring-OBL.M IMPV-wither.PRS-3PL ‘The flowers and blossoms of spring wither,’ Years vanish with flying fleet Hemî sal tim belez av_u_av di-ç-in
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Graduate Institute of Applied Lingu
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© 2012 Edward Harry Magin Jr. All
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THESIS DUPLICATION RELEASE I hereby
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DEDICATION to my Naphtili, who has
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Table of Contents Table of Contents
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4.4.3.5 Irregular verbs ...........
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6.2 Shushi’s version of Allah ...
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List of Figures Figure 1. Meta-lite
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Prefixes, infixes, suffixes, partic
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1. Introduction 1.1 General The pur
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3 1.3 The people and the language N
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2. Literature review 2.1 History of
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7 2.1.1 Before 1920 The division of
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9 The most revered poet among Kurds
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11 (Shakely 2002). According to Mac
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13 He was a severe social critic, r
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15 Kurdish intellectuals in Turkey
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17 The publication of magazines in
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19 2.2 On translating poetry The op
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21 literature in general, can provi
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23 his audience and their cognitive
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25 trying to grasp that meaning we
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27 INTERPRETATION POETRY Critical e
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29 there was no epic meter in the l
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31 while it may be difficult to dis
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33 No version of poetry, however fa
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35 Pound also produced poems that a
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37 Can it be said that the possibil
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39 Accuracy can include: 1. represe
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41 the classical poets, they wrote
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43 two famous Kurdish poets, Ahmed
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45 it was winter and they had no fo
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47 In Kurdistan, in winter, the nig
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49 there were some expectations of
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51 the only Northern Kurdish term t
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53 3.7 Quçan on imagery in his poe
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55 some similarities to the system
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57 f, F [f] like ‘f’ in ‘find
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59 4.2.4 Glides A glide is often ad
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61 (4) min guh li te ne bî. (Şir
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63 root” (Whaley 1997:128). The f
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65 where the verb agrees with the s
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67 Gender can only be learned throu
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69 specific marker, -an or -a, depe
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71 particle, such as in relativizat
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73 The discussion above summarizes
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75 Table 6. Demonstratives. Demonst
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77 NP = (DEM)(NUM) head-noun ( [ EZ
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79 Table 7. Verb suffixes Non-past
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81 attached to the adjective cuan i
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83 (59) ew dixtur bî-Ø 3D doctor
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85 (64) pênc zarok-ên wî hene (T
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87 the nonverbal element çê and t
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89 script is the standardized ortho
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91 Imperatives and wishes may seem
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93 (94) ez di-şê-m b-ê-m 1D IPFV
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95 where we would expect to see it.
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97 absolutive sentences, it must ma
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99 Table 15. Past perfect tense con
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101 adpositional phrases have a spe
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5. Analysis of Northern Kurdish poe
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105 and free variation, which conce
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107 free from rhyming and the secon
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109 Table 17. Poems using çuarkî
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111 Tercîa band means when you hav
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113 5.3.2 Line syllable count The s
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115 (140) xwozîya kesê guh daye m
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117 of Immortal Barzanî,’ the pr
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119 of the prose poems in the corpu
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121 sequences are different and the
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123 (161) şînyî u tazî ji gelî
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125 Table 21. Orthographic consonan
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127 analysts have used to describe
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129 are three lines and two of the
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131 multisyllable A' and A'' rhymes
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133 ceger ker with liber anber. The
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135 (188) em li ber şewqa hîvîan
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137 Hence, “the immediate effect
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139 evro vala=ye today vacant=COP.P
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141 (201) hatî piling-ê nehîn (A
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143 baẍ u rez u darubar garden an
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145 tu hêye ve 2D exist.PRS.2SG ag
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147 (215) dê gurîk-im vî can-î
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149 verb and recipient, bidey me. I
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151 SRMs is outside the scope of th
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153 subject, hevalan, is actually a
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155 (236) tazî ya Qazî jibîr ne-
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157 baẍ u rez u darubar garden an
Page 185 and 186: 159 u hestîê min, ‘body and bon
Page 187 and 188: 161 generally refer to the omission
Page 189 and 190: 163 are in parentheses. For the con
Page 191 and 192: 165 ‘because of him.’ If the pr
Page 193 and 194: 167 instances ellipsis of object pr
Page 195 and 196: 169 And in (268), there is no ezafe
Page 197 and 198: 171 (274) agr-ek boş li ser helkir
Page 199 and 200: 173 sentence. Hence, the final noun
Page 201 and 202: 175 5.4.1.3.1 Use of alternate word
Page 203 and 204: 177 with subdialect differences. Wh
Page 205 and 206: 179 (296) kanê gundî (BS6:17-19)
Page 207 and 208: 181 Kurds from an area other than S
Page 209 and 210: 183 (304) erê sîlav çima evro me
Page 211 and 212: 185 Relativizers can often be left
Page 213 and 214: 187 Şivan her roj sêvekê xwit.
Page 215 and 216: 189 5.4.1.4.1 Repetition and repeti
Page 217 and 218: 191 (321) geh şax=e geh westan=e e
Page 219 and 220: 193 (323) dergeh-ê jîn u hîvî-a
Page 221 and 222: 195 (326) şêr ew=in u sef dirrî-
Page 223 and 224: 197 (335) ev-e fexr-a me hemy-a bû
Page 225 and 226: 199 before the subject nêrgiz, ‘
Page 227 and 228: 201 (341) mililet-ê Kurd pir wefa=
Page 229 and 230: 203 (344) te di-vêt ku bi-de-m te
Page 231 and 232: 205 The chiasmus in Cegerxwîn’s
Page 233 and 234: 207 is not a hunter.’ 144 5.5 Sum
Page 235: 209 As I see it, verse poetry depen
Page 239 and 240: 213 In the second line, we had mult
Page 241 and 242: 215 use to describe a situation whe
Page 243 and 244: 217 God rest-OBL.M in.midst.of mise
Page 245 and 246: 219 create an independent clause, j
Page 247 and 248: 221 instead of using a word for ‘
Page 249 and 250: 223 poetic language: “What is pos
Page 251 and 252: 225 AN1 by Ahmed Nalbend translated
Page 253 and 254: 227 Siḧarê xîv bi bûn sor gul.
Page 255 and 256: 229 Memik sor bûn wekî sêva. The
Page 259 and 260: 233 Kurds are dear and happy Dîn p
Page 261 and 262: 235 Sutî li min cerg u dil My live
Page 263 and 264: 237 Kê baş nevêt ew rûyê spî
Page 267 and 268: 241 Hell is burning (for him) and f
Page 271 and 272: 245 We want you to give us pressure
Page 273 and 274: 247 BS1 by Badirxan Sindî translat
Page 275 and 276: 249 Where’s the knight of the ste
Page 279 and 280: 253 “Şurşivanê Kurdanim.”
Page 281 and 282: 255 “Whose lover and euphoric one
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261 Çûn ser sêdar u qinaran hewa
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263 BS5 by Badirxan Sindî translat
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267 They said, Yes .. we saw it. Ji
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271 He was the disciple of the love
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273 At times it is the king, at tim
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275 Rûniştîe li birca belek He r
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277 CX3 by Cegerxwîn translated by
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279 DD by Deyka Dalyayê translated
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281 ez u tu dê digurekî da nivîn
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Note: The dots and question marks i
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285 HS by Hisin Silêvanî translat
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287 When she fills her empty shotgl
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289 those who are exploited. Jê di
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291 gîfankên bajêrvanîê, 40 th
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293 In the long roads of the city q
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295 Yan ji ber rengê goma xwîna d
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297 name of all and everybody. Ji d
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299 hitting his head against a wall
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301 MQ2 by Mihsin Quçan translated
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303 li derazînka on the doorsteps
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305 MT1 by Mu’eyed Teyb translate
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307 Bi qelem û defterên wan yarî
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309 min serek girit 10 I took one s
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311 ji dilbera dêm befir u xwîn o
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313 Şev sêwî, tenha û belengaz.
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315 SS1 by Şaban Silêman translat
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317 We have become lost beyond the
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319 SS2 by Şaban Silêman translat
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321 Xatwîna min.. 25 My dear.. Li
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323 The intention of love ewe― is
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325 INTERVIEW WITH REŞÎD FINDÎ M
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327 poetry that he wrote that deals
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329 ‘necessary.’ Sometimes, lik
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331 contact with poets. Indeed, my
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333 EM: We talked about five differ
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335 EM: Thank you. Can you describe
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337 CVVC, and each one gives you a
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339 and free of qafîa. Because I c
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341 that time we respected women mo
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343 INTERVIEW WITH MIHSIN QUÇAN Th
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345 it was Kurdistan. But after a w
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347 EM: What are the other subjects
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349 Sadîq Şabak, if you can call
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351 INTERVIEW WITH MU’EYED TEYB T
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353 you can say, was more knowledge
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REFERENCES ADAMS, STEPHEN. 1997. Po
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357 HAIG, GEOFFREY. 2011. Linker, r
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359 MURRY, JOHN MIDDLETON. 1969. Pe
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361 ŞIRÎN. 2006. English-Kurmanji
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VITA Edward H. Magin Jr. did his un
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