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191<br />

(321) geh şax=e geh westan=e ew (CX1:14)<br />

at.times standing=COP.PRS.3SG at.times kneeling=COP.PRS.3SG 3D<br />

geh mûş=e geh zinar=e dil<br />

at.times mûş=COP.PRS.3SG at.times rock=COP.PRS.3SG heart<br />

‘At times it’s standing (strong), at times kneeling (tired), at times it’s mûş 127 and at<br />

times the heart is a massive rock.’<br />

Also notice the repetitive use of geh, ‘at times,’ in these lines. Cegerxwîn uses<br />

geh in two ways. One, to present antinomy, things that are or seem to be opposites to<br />

him, such as Dêrik and Wan, which are cities in the Kurdish area of Turkey. He also uses<br />

geh to form a group, such as his listing of Berber, Circassian, Turk and Tartar in line 12,<br />

shown in (322). It may be that Berber is somehow the opposite of Circassian, and Turk<br />

the opposite of Tarter. However, without some help from historians who understand<br />

Kurdish history as well as Cegerxwîn’s philosophical stance, I can only presume from the<br />

context given that these four people groups are grouped together here as peoples with<br />

whom the Kurds engaged in past centuries.<br />

(322) geh Berber=e geh Çerkes=e geh (CX1:12)<br />

at.times Berber=COP.PRS.3SG at.times Circassian=COP.PRS.3SG 3D<br />

Turk=e geh Tatar=e dil<br />

Turk=COP.PRS.3SG at.times Tatar=COP.PRS.3SG heart<br />

‘At times it’s Berber, at times it’s Circassian, at times it’s Turkish, at times the<br />

heart is Tartar.’<br />

Other repetitions were more subtle, such as the phrase xatwîna min , ‘my dear,’<br />

repeated five times in Silêman’s 'Eşqa Dihokî Ya, ‘Dohukîan Love.’ The phrase works to<br />

keep the reader empathetically engaged in the message of the poem. He also repeated the<br />

word evîn, ‘love (northern Kurdish),’ eight times and its Arabic equivalent ‘eşiq, ‘love<br />

(Arabic)’ four times. The poem is a comparison of two juxtaposed loves―not between<br />

Kurds and Arabs, but between false love and true love. One love is a counterfit love that<br />

he says is present and active in the city of Dohuk, and he describes some of the ways in<br />

127 Meaning unknown. Muş is the name of a province in the Kurdish area of Turkey, however use of it<br />

seems vague here (whereas in the line above there is a comparison drawn between Dêrik and Wan).<br />

According to Omar, mûş (with a different vowel) can mean ‘unknown land’ (Omar 1992).

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