Magin_Edward-thesis

3. Interviews .............................................................................................................. 40
3.1 On the development of Northern Kurdish poetry................................................ 40
3.1.1 Neo-classical period................................................................................... 41
3.1.2 New period ................................................................................................ 42
3.1.3 Modern period ........................................................................................... 44
3.2 Sindî on present day poetry................................................................................ 46
3.3 Quçan on poetry and life in the village............................................................... 46
3.4 On themes in Northern Kurdish poetry .............................................................. 47
3.5 Sindî on the use of other Northern Kurdish subdialects...................................... 51
3.6 Sindî on use of end rhyme ................................................................................. 52
3.7 Quçan on imagery in his poetry ......................................................................... 53
4. A grammatical sketch of Northern Kurdish ........................................................ 54
4.1 Introduction....................................................................................................... 54
4.2 Orthography and phonetics ................................................................................ 54
4.2.1 Vowels ...................................................................................................... 55
4.2.2 Consonants ................................................................................................ 56
4.2.3 Diphthongs and sound variation................................................................. 58
4.2.4 Glides ........................................................................................................ 59
4.2.5 Contractions............................................................................................... 60
4.3 Stress................................................................................................................. 61
4.4 Grammar ........................................................................................................... 62
4.4.1 Typology ................................................................................................... 62
4.4.1.1 Morphological typology....................................................................... 62
4.4.1.2 Constituent order typology................................................................... 64
4.4.2 Nouns and the noun phrase ........................................................................ 66
4.4.2.1 Nouns .................................................................................................. 66
4.4.2.2 Noun inflection .................................................................................... 67
4.4.2.3 Personal pronouns................................................................................ 69
4.4.2.4 Noun modification ............................................................................... 70
4.4.2.4.1 Ezafe conjunctive particle............................................................. 70
4.4.2.4.2 Indefinite state particle ................................................................. 73
4.4.2.4.3 Specific reference marker ............................................................. 73
4.4.2.5 Numbers, quantifiers and intensifiers ................................................... 74
4.4.2.6 Demonstratives .................................................................................... 74
4.4.2.7 The adjective phrase............................................................................. 76
4.4.2.8 The noun phrase................................................................................... 76
4.4.3 Verbs and the verb phrase .......................................................................... 77
4.4.3.1 Verb morphology................................................................................. 77
4.4.3.2 Verb agreement.................................................................................... 78
4.4.3.3 Verb stems and their conjugations........................................................ 80
4.4.3.4 Copulas – present, future and past tenses............................................. 80
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