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where we would expect to see it. In my experience, I have never heard or seen both an
independent clause and its dependent clause marked as irrealis. Minimally, these
examples show that conditional sentences sometimes mark the verb in the dependent
clause as irrealis. According to Şirîn and Buşra (2006:243), “If-clauses almost always
require subjunctive verbs,” that is, verbs marked as irrealis.
(103) heker te bi-vê-t, ez na-ç-im (Şirîn and Buşra 2006:242)
if 2O IRR-want.PRS-3SG, 1D NEG-go.PRS-1SG
‘If you want, I won’t go.’
(104) eger ez bi-bîn-im, ez dê bêj-im-ê
if 1D (him/her) IRR-see.PRS-1SG, 1D will tell.PRS-1SG-him
‘If I see him/her, I will tell him.’
(105) heker ez ne ç-im, ez dê mîn-im (Şirîn and Buşra 2006:242)
if 1D NEG go.PRS-1SG 1D will stay.PRS-1SG
li_gel we
with 2OP
‘If I don’t go, I’ll stay with you.’
(106) eger tu rîn-î, ez dê jî rîn-im (Şirîn and Buşra 2006:224)
if 2D sit.PRS-2SG, 1D will also sit.PRS-1SG
‘If you sit, I will also sit.’
(107) eger ew di-ç-it, tu jî herre
if 3D IPFV-go.PRS-3SG, 2D also go.IMP.SG
‘If he is going, you also go.’
4.4.3.7.3.5 Reason and purpose clauses
Sentences that express a reason or purpose often utilize the conjunctions da, da ku
or ku, which may all be translated as ‘so,’ ‘so that,’ or ‘in order to.’ Like many examples
previously discussed, the verb in the complement clause must have the irrealis prefix.
When the subject after the conjunction is different, it is usually stated. These
conjunctions are used with all tenses.
(108) ez di-çu-m da ders-a bi-xwîn-im
1D IPFV-go.PST-1SG so.that class.OBL.PL IRR-study.PRS-1SG
‘I went in order to study my classes.’
(109) ka av-ê bi-d-e-Ø min da (Şirîn and Buşra 2006:224)
please water-OBL.F IRR-give.PRS-IMP.SG 1O so.that