Festschrift für Fritz W. Scharpf - MPIfG

120 II · Politik und Demokratie in Europa
suggested that the multi-level dynamic of political decision-making – under
certain conditions, the most pre-eminent being an alliance with the EP – can
and in fact does lead to market-correcting policies. Examples of such processes
at both cross-sectoral and sectoral levels were introduced to underpin
this argument.
Moreover, protest movements may become relevant actors in sectoral
arenas with the help of the Parliament. As a consequence, the Commission –
seeing the increasing power of the EP and concerned about a lack of democratic
legitimation of European policy-making – may take anti-liberalization
concerns into account in its policy planning, even to the point of making the
provision of effective general interest services a precondition for the liberalization
of sectors. In conclusion it can be said that the contours of a policy
that is re-regulating the liberalized utility markets has clearly emerged – and
this new approach contains negative integration.
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