Relaciones internacionales.indb - HOMINES

ALINE FRAMBES-BUXEDA
economic development propositions. Puerto Rico has been developing
“twin plants” with 936 investment funds (these funds were soon after
eliminated between 1992-2000). Cuba has also been offering investment
opportunities in bio-medical, health, tourism and agricultural industries.
Cuba has indicated that Latinamerican private capital can be above 50%
of the investment in mixed enterprises with Cuba. 51
Other areas of interest for investment of the Hispanic Caribbean are air
and shipping transportation and research in deep-sea natural resources.
The Jamaican economist Norman Girvan has indicated that social
actors interested in integration are actually very few. These might be the
national local manufactures, the informal commercial sector, members
of Civic Associations, (such as the Caribbean Broadcasting Union, the
Caribbean Confederation of Churches, the members of the University of
the West Indies); the trade union members could also develop an interest
in integration. Of course, Caribbean integration would need government
support. 52
Present transformations in the “global economy” are indicating new
trade liberalization within “economic blocks” but also growing protectionism
towards countries that are not members of these “regional integration
blocks.” 53 In these present circumstances Latin America and the Caribbean
apparently will have no other choice than to create their own development
model, an alternative fitted to the region’s needs, interest and possibilities.
51
a) Eduardo Klinger Pevida, “Cuba y la Integración de América Latina” (inedited),
La Habana, 1991, 13 pp.
b) “Mensaje de Fidel Castro a la Primera Cumbre Iberoamericana,” (Guadalajara,
July, 1991), El Caribe Contemporáneo, No. 24, Mexico, Jan.-June, 1992,
p. 155.
52
Norman P. Girvan, “Integración: ¿retórica o realidad,” Pensamiento Propio,
year IX, No. 83, Managua, August, 1991, pp. 5-8.
53
a) Diana Tussie y Gabriel Casaburi, “Los Nuevos Bloques Comerciales: A la
búsqueda de un fundamento perdido,” Desarrollo Económico, Vol. 31, No.
121, Buenos Aires, April-June, 1991, pp. 3-27.
b) Rick Gladstone, “Cobra fuerza el debate por las maquiladoras,” El Nuevo
Día, San Juan, May 17, 1992, p. 140.
c) Jonathan Fox, “Agriculture and the Politics of The North American
Trade Debate,” LASA Forum, Vol. XXIII, No. 1, Pittsburgh, Spring, 1992,
pp. 3-9.
• HOMINES • Vol. XX, Núm. x - xxxxx de 2005 109