Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

CAS Controlled atmosphere storage.casaba American name for winter melon.cascara See laxatives.case hardening Formation of a hard impermeable skin on somefoods during drying; produces a food with a dry surface and amoist interior.casein About 75% of the proteins of milk are classified as caseins;a group of 12–15 small hydrophobic proteins, in four main classes(α-, β-, γ- and κ-caseins). They occur in milk as coarse colloidalparticles (micelles) some 100 mm in diameter. Often used as aprotein supplement, since the casein fraction from milk is morethan 90% protein.Hammarsten’s casein is prepared by diluting fat-free milk withwater and precipitating the protein with acetic acid. The precipitateis washed three times with water, dissolved in ammoniumhydroxide and reprecipitated; this is repeated twice. The finalprecipitate is washed with alcohol and ether and finally extractedwith ether.caseinogen An obsolete name for the form in which casein ispresent in solution in milk; when it was precipitated it was thencalled casein.cashew nut Fruit of the tropical tree Anacardium occidentale,generally eaten roasted and salted. The nut hangs from the truefruit, a large fleshy but sour apple-like fruit, which is very rich invitamin C.Composition/100 g: water 1.7 g, 2403 kJ (574 kcal), protein15.3 g, fat 46.3 g (of which 21% saturated, 62% mono-unsaturated,18% polyunsaturated), carbohydrate 32.7 g (5 g sugars),fibre 3g, ash 4g, Ca 45mg, Fe 6mg, Mg 260mg, P 490mg, K565mg, Na 16mg, Zn 5.6mg, Cu 2.2mg, Mn 0.8mg, Se 11.7µg,23µg carotenoids, E 0.9 mg, K 34.7 mg, B 1 0.2 mg, B 2 0.2 mg, niacin1.4 mg, B 6 0.26 mg, folate 69 µg, pantothenate 1.2 mg. A 25 gserving is a source of P, a good source of Mg, vitamin a rich sourceof Cu.Casilan TM A casein preparation used as a protein concentrateand nutritional supplement.cassareep Caribbean; boiled-down juice from grated cassavaroot, flavoured with cinnamon, cloves and brown sugar; used asa base for sauces. It can also be fermented with molasses.cassava (manioc) The tuber of the tropical plant Manihot utilissima.It is the dietary staple in many tropical countries, althoughit is an extremely poor source of protein; the plant grows welleven in poor soil, and is extremely hardy, withstanding considerabledrought. It is one of the most prolific crops, yielding up to13 million kcal/acre, compared with yam 9 million, and sorghum97