Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

88dose 10 3 organisms, onset 3–8 days, duration weeks. HELICOBAC-TER PYLORI was formerly classified as a Campylobacter.camu-camu Fruit of the Peruvian bush Myrciaria paraensis;burgundy red in colour, weighing 6–14g and about 3cm in diameter;contains 3000 mg vitamin C/100 g.cananga oil A lipid-soluble flavouring agent, obtained by distillationof flowers of Cananga odorato.canavanine Toxic amino acid (an analogue of arginine in whichthe final methylene group is replaced by oxygen), originally isolatedfrom the jack bean, Canavalia ensiformis, and also foundin a variety of other plants, including especially alfalfa beansprouts. It is incorporated into proteins in place of arginine, andalso inhibits nitric oxide synthetase.canbra oil Oil extracted from selected strains of rapeseed containingnot more than 2% erucic acid.See also canola.cancer A wide variety of diseases characterised by uncontrolledgrowth of tissue. Dietary factors may be involved in the initiationof some forms of cancer, and a high-fat diet has beenespecially implicated. There is some evidence that antioxidantnutrients such as carotene, vitamins c and e and themineral selenium may be protective, as may non-starchpolysaccharides.See also carcinogen; cachexia.candelilla wax A hydrocarbon wax from the candelilla plant(Euphorbia cerifera). Used as a lubricant and surface finishingagent in chewing gum and hard candy.Canderel TM The sweetener aspartame, in tabletsCandida Genus of yeasts that inhabit the gut. C. albicans can,under some circumstances, cause candidiasis (thrush) in thevagina, mouth and skin folds.candy (1) Crystallised sugar made by repeated boiling and slowevaporation.(2) USA, general term for sugar confectionery.candy doctor See sugar doctor.cane sugar sucrose extracted from the sugar cane Saccharumofficinarum; identical to sucrose prepared from any other source,such as sugar beet. See sugar.canihua Seeds of Chenopodium pallidicaule, grown in the PeruvianAndes; nutritionally similar to cereals.cannelloni See pasta.canner’s alkali A mixture of sodium hydroxide (and sometimesalso sodium carbonate) used to remove the skin from fruit beforecanning.canners’ sugar See sugar.