Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

225green sickness 17th century name for iron deficiency anaemia,especially in young women, and sometimes described as one ofthe signs of ‘love melancholy’.grey body A concept used to take account of the fact that materialsare not perfect absorbers or radiators of heat (which wouldbe the case with a theoretical black body).gribbens (greben, gribbenes) See grattons.griddle Also girdle; iron plate used for baking scones, etc. on topof stove.grilse Young salmon that has returned to fresh water after oneyear in the sea.grinding, cryogenic Mixing liquid nitrogen or solid carbondioxide with food to cool it during grinding.griskin chine of pork, also used for a thin piece of loin.grissini Italian ‘finger rolls’ or stick bread 15–45cm (6–18 in) long,and normally crisp and dry.grist Cereal for grinding.gristle The connective tissue of the meat, consisting mainly ofthe insoluble proteins collagen and elastin. Usually inedibleand accounts for the toughness of some cuts of meat. Prolongedslow cooking converts collagen to gelatine, but has no effect onelastin.grits, corn See hominy.groats Oats from which the husk has been entirely removed;when crushed, Embden groats result. Used to make gruel andporridge.grog British naval drink; sugared rum mixed with hot water.Named after Admiral Edward Vernon (1684–1757), who wasnicknamed ‘Old Grog’ because of his grosgrain (heavy cordedsilk) coat.ground cherry See cape gooseberry.ground fish See fish, demersal.groundnut See peanut.ground tomato See cape gooseberry.grouse game bird, Lagopus lagopus. Shooting period in UK 12August to 10 December; eaten fresh or after being hung for 2–4days to develop flavour. The whole bird weighs about 700 g.growth hormone See somatotrophin.gruel Thin porridge made from oatmeal, barley or other cereal.Gruyère Swiss hard cheese, used in fondue.GTF See glucose tolerance factor.guanine One of the purines.guarana Dried paste from the seeds of a climbing shrub, Paullinacupana, native of the Amazon region. It contains caffeine andrelated compounds; used in the UK as an ingredient of drinks,