Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

serving is a source of P, Se, a good source of vitamin B 1 ,niacin.bockwurst German; white sausage made from pork and veal withchives, parsley, eggs and milk.BOD See biological oxygen demand.body composition Various methods are used to assess gross bodycomposition, including anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance,total body electrical conductivity, skinfold thicknessand body density.body density Body fat has a density of 0.90, while fat-free bodymass is 1.10. Direct determination of density by weighing in airand in water, or by determination of body volume by plethysmography,therefore permits calculation of the proportions of fatand lean body tissue.body mass index (BMI) An index of fatness and obesity. Theweight (in kg) divided by the square of height (in m).The acceptable(desirable) range is 20–25. Above 25 is overweight, andabove 30 is obesity. BMI below the lower end of the acceptablerange indicates undernutrition and wasting.Also called Quetelet’s index.body surface area Heat loss from the body is related to surfacearea; basal metabolic rate and energy expenditure are sometimesexpressed per unit body surface area. It is commonly calculatedaccording to the formulae of Du Bois or Meeh:Du Bois: area (cm 2 ) = 71.84 × weight 0.425 (kg) × height 0.725 (cm)Meeh: area (cm 2 ) = 11.9 × weight 2/3 (kg)The surface area of adults is about 18000 cm 2 (men) or16 000 cm 2 (women).bog butter Norsemen, Finns, Scots and Irish used to bury firkinsof butter in bogs to ripen and develop a strong flavour.bog myrtle A wild plant (Myrica gale) with a strong resinousflavour.The leaves and seeds are used to flavour soups and stews.boiler water additives Compounds used in a steam or boiler wateras anticorrosion agents, to prevent scale.bole See armenian bole.boletus Edible wild mushroom, Boletus edulis or B. granulatus,also known as the yellow mushroom or cep (cèpe).bologna Italian smoked pork and veal sausage, also known aspolony.bolus Soft mass of chewed food that is ready to be swallowed.Bombay duck Bombil, a fish found in Indian waters, Harpodonnehereus or Saurus ophiodon, eaten either fresh or after saltingand curing.69