Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

158DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid, the genetic material in the nuclei ofall cells. A polymer of deoxyribonucleotides, the purine basesadenine and guanine, and the pyrimidine bases thymidine andcytidine, linked to deoxyribose phosphate. The sugar-phosphatesform a double stranded helix, with the bases paired internally.See also nucleic acids.DNA cloning The process of inserting the DNA containing oneor more genes into a plasmid or a bacterial virus and thengrowing these in bacterial (or yeast) cells.dockage Name given to foreign material in wheat which can beremoved readily by a simple cleaning procedure.docosanoids Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids with 22carbon atoms.docosohexaenoic acid A long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid(C22:6 ω3); see fish oils.docusates See laxative.dogfish A cartilaginous fish, Scilliorinus caniculum, or Squalisacanthias, related to the sharks; sometimes called rock salmon orrock eel.dolomite Calcium magnesium carbonate.dolphin fish Large marine fish (about 2 m long); common dolphinfish is Coryphaena hippurus, pompano dolphin fish is C. equiselis.Both are commonly marketed as mahi-mahi.Composition/100 g: water 78 g, 356 kJ (85 kcal), protein 18.5 g,fat 0.7 g, cholesterol 73 mg, carbohydrate 0 g, ash 2.1 g, Ca 15 mg,Fe 1.1 mg, Mg 30 mg, P 143 mg, K 416 mg, Na 88 mg, Zn 0.5 mg, Se36.5µg, vitamin A 54 µg retinol, B 1 0.02 mg, B 2 0.07 mg, niacin6.1 mg, B 6 0.4 mg, folate 5 µg, B 12 0.6µg, pantothenate 0.8 mg. A100 g serving is a source of P, pantothenate, a good source ofvitamin B 6 ,a rich source of Se, niacin, vitamin B 12 .Do-Maker TM process For continuous breadmaking. Ingredientsare automatically fed into continuous dough mixer, the yeast suspensionbeing added in a very active state.domperidone dopamine antagonist, stimulates gastric emptyingand small intestinal transit; strengthens contraction of theoesophageal sphincter. Used in treatment of dyspepsia andoesophageal reflux.döner kebab See kebab.dopa 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine; a non-protein amino acid,precursor of dopamine, noradrenaline and adrenaline. M r197.2, pK a 2.32, 8.72, 9.96, 11.79.dopamine 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethylamine; a neurotransmitter,and also precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline.dormers Victorian; chopped cooked lamb mixed with rice andsuet, rolled into sausage shapes, coated in egg and breadcrumbsand fried.