Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

416roller mill Pairs of horizontal cylindrical rollers, separated by onlya small gap and revolving at different speeds.The material is thusground and crushed in one operation. Used in flour milling.rollmop Filleted uncooked herring pickled in spiced vinegar.roll-on closure (RO) Aluminium or lacquered tinplate cap forsealing on to narrow-necked bottles with a threaded neck. Theunthreaded cap is moulded on to the neck of the bottle and formsan airtight seal.romaine French and American name for cos lettuce.rooibos tea Fermented leaves of the S African bush Aspalathuslinearis. Contains a unique polyphenol, aspalathin, whichbecomes red during preparation and produces a reddish herbaltea; free from caffeine and theaflavin.root beer American; non-alcoholic carbonated beverageflavoured with extract of sassafras root and oil of wintergreen.rope Spore-forming bacteria (Bacillus mesentericus and B. subtilis)occur on wheat and hence in flour. The spores can survivebaking and are present in the bread. Under the right conditionsof warmth and moisture the spores germinate and the mass ofbacteria convert the bread into sticky, yellowish patches that canbe pulled out into rope-like threads, hence the term ropy bread.The bacterial growth is inhibited by acid substances. Can alsooccur in milk, called long milk in Scandinavia.roquefort Green-blue marbled French cheese made in Roquefort-sur-Soulzonfrom ewe’s milk; ripened in limestone caveswhere the mould, Penicillium roquefortii is present and inoculatesthe cheese.ROS See reactive oxygen species.rosefish (red fish) Saltwater fish with red flesh, Sebastes marinus,sometimes called ocean perch.Rose-Gottlieb test Gravimetric method for determination of fatin milk, by extraction with diethyl ether and petroleum etherfrom an ammoniacal alcoholic solution of the sample.rosella Caribbean plant (Hibiscus sabdariffa) grown for its fleshyred sepals, used to make drinks, jams and jelly. Also known assorrel, flor de Jamaica.rosemary A bushy shrub, Rosmarinus officinalis, cultivated commerciallyfor its essential oil, used in medicine and perfumery.The leaves are used to flavour soups, sauces and meat.rose water Fragrant water made by distillation or extraction ofthe essential oils of rose petals. Used in confectionery (especiallyturkish delight) and baking.rotary louvre dryer Hot air passes through a moving bed of thesolid inside a rotating drum.Roth–Benedict spirometer See spirometer.