Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

128169 mg, Na 20 mg, Zn 0.1 mg, Mn 0.3 mg, Se 1.3 µg, vitamin A333µg RE (13092µg carotenoids), E 2.3 mg, K 510.8 mg, B 10.05 mg, B 2 0.13 mg, niacin 0.7 mg, B 6 0.17 mg, folate 166 µg, pantothenate0.3 mg, C 35 mg. A 90 g serving is a source of Ca, Mn,a good source of vitamin E, a rich source of vitamin A, folate, C.colloid (colloidal suspension) A two phase system consisting of adispersant medium and a separate dispersed phase. Main typesare emulsion; foam; gel; sol.Lyophilic colloids are those in which there is a high affinitybetween the particles of the dispersed phase and the dispersionmedium. They include proteins and higher carbohydrates. Veryviscous; electrically charged; require large amounts of electrolytefor precipitation, which is reversible. Also known as emulsions.Lyophobic colloids are those in which there is no affinitybetween the particles of the dispersed phase and the dispersionmedium. The particles carry an electric charge and are flocculatedirreversibly by electrolytes. Also called suspensoids. Forexample, colloids of metals and inorganic salts.See also emulsifiers; stabilisers.colloid mill Equipment for preparation of a colloid by subjectingthe immiscible liquids to shear stress using a fast rotor againsta static plate, or two contra-rotating rotors.colocasia See taro.cologel Alternative name for methylcellulose. See cellulosederivatives.Colombo Plan A co-operative effort to develop the resourcesand living standards of the peoples of S. and S.E. Asia, started atmeeting held in Colombo in 1950.colon Also known as the large intestine or bowel, consisting ofthree anatomical regions: the ascending, the transverse and thedescending colon. The colon normally has a considerable populationof bacteria, while it is rare to find a significant bacterialpopulation in the small intestine. The colon terminates at therectum, where faeces are compacted and stored before voiding.See also gastrointestinal tract; irritable bowel syndrome.colostomy Surgical creation of an artificial conduit in the abdominalwall for voiding of intestinal contents following surgicalremoval of much of the colon and/or rectum.colostrum The milk produced by mammals during the first fewdays after parturition; compared with mature human milk,human colostrum contains more protein (2 g/100 mL comparedwith 1.3); slightly less lactose (6.6 g/100 mL compared with 7.2),considerably less fat (2.6 g/100 mL compared with 4.1) andoverall slightly less energy, 235 kJ (56 kcal)/100 mL comparedwith 290 kJ (69 kcal).