Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

250idi Indian, Sri Lankan; steamed bread made from rice and legumeflour. The dough is left to undergo bacterial fermentationovernight; the main organisms are Leuconostoc mesenteroidesand Streptococcus faecalis.idiopathic A condition of unknown origin or cause.idiosyncrasy Unusual and unexpected sensitivity or reaction to adrug or food.IDL Intermediate-density lipoprotein; see lipoproteins, plasma.idli S.E. Asian; small cakes made from a mixture of cooked riceand black gram, fermented with the aid of mould.IHD Ischaemic heart disease.ileitis Inflammation of the ileum.ileocolitis Inflammation of the ileum and colon.ileostomy Surgical formation of an opening of the ileum on theabdominal wall, performed to treat severe ulcerative colitis; seegastrointestinal tract.ileotomy Surgical removal of (part of) the ileum.ileum Last portion of the small intestine, between the jejunumand the colon (large intestine), see gastrointestinal tract.ileus Obstruction of the intestines, see gastrointestinal tract.illipe butter See cocoa butter equivalents.IMF See intermediate moisture foods.immune system Series of defence mechanisms of the body. Thereare two major parts: humoral, mediated through antibodiessecreted into the circulation (immunoglobulins); and cellmediated.Lymphocytes produce antibodies against, and bind to,the antigens of foreign cells, leading to death of the invadingorganisms; other white blood cells are phagocytic and engulf theinvading organisms.immunoassay A variety of analytical techniques with very highspecificity and sensitivity using antibodies raised against theanalyte, coupled with an enzyme, fluorescent dye or radioactivematerial as a detection system.See also elisa; fluorescence immunoassay; radioimmunoassay.immunoglobulins Specific antibodies produced in the blood inresponse to foreign proteins or other antigens.Five classes, IgA,IgE, IgG, IgM and IgI; present in circulating blood as a result ofprevious exposure to the antigens, and also present in breast milkto confer passive immunity.immunomagnetic separation Technique for rapid isolation offood-borne pathogens using magnetic microspheres coated withantibodies.IMP (1) See integrating motor pneumotachograph.(2) Inosine monophosphate, one of the purine nucleotides.