Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

315with caramel. Preserved by the sugar content and acid. Alsocalled fruit mince. Originally a meat product; in the USA a spicedmixture of chopped meat, apples and raisins.mineola A citrus fruit.mineralocorticoids A general term for the steroid hormonessecreted by the adrenal cortex (see adrenal glands) whichcontrol the excretion of salt and water (see water balance).mineral salts The inorganic salts, including sodium, potassium,calcium, chloride, phosphate, sulphate, etc. So-called becausethey are (or originally were) obtained by mining.minerals, trace Those mineral salts present in the body, andrequired in the diet, in small amounts (parts per million): copper,chromium, iodine, manganese, selenium; although required inlarger amounts, zinc and iron are sometimes included with thetrace minerals.minerals, ultratrace Those mineral salts present in the body, andrequired in the diet, in extremely small amounts (parts per thousandmillion or less); known to be dietary essentials, althoughrarely if ever a cause for concern since the amounts required aresmall and they are widely distributed in foods and water, e.g.cobalt, molybdenum, silicon, tin, vanadium.miners’ cramp Cramp due to loss of salt from the body causedby excessive sweating. Occurs in tropical climates and withsevere exercise; mining often combines the two. Preventedby consuming salt, e.g., salt tablets in the tropics and forathletes.minimum lethal dose (MLD) Smallest amount of a toxic compoundthat has been recorded as causing death.See also ld 50 ; no adverse effect level.mint Aromatic herbs, Mentha spp., including spearmint, M.spicata; peppermint, M. piperita; garden mint is M. spicata. Oil ofpeppermint is distilled from stem and leaves of M. piperita, andused both pharmaceutically and as a flavour.miracle berry The fruit of the West African bush Richardella dulcifica(Synsepalum dulcificum). It contains a taste-modifying glycoprotein(miraculin) that causes sour foods to taste sweet, hencethe name.miraculin The taste-modifying glycoprotein of the miracle berry.mirin Japanese; sweet alcoholic condiment made from rice fermentedby addition of koji.miscella The solution of oil in solvent obtained during solventextraction of oilseeds.miso Japanese sauce, prepared from autoclaved soya beans mixedwith cooked rice and partly fermented with Aspergillus oryzae