Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology

190fish, fatty See fish, oily.fish flour See fish protein concentrate.fish ham Japanese product made from a red fish such as tuna ormarlin, pickled with salt and nitrite, mixed with whale meat andpork fat and stuffed into a large sausage-type casing.fish meal Surplus fish, waste from filleting (fish-house waste)and fish unsuitable for human consumption are dried and powdered.The resultant meal is a valuable source of protein foranimal feedingstuff, or, after deodorisation, as human foodsince it contains about 70% protein. Meal made from white fishis termed white fish meal, distinct from the oily type whichis sometimes of very poor quality and is used mainly asfertiliser.fish odour syndrome See trimethylamine.fish oils These contain long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acidswhich offer some protection against heart disease. The twomain ones are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA C20:5 ω3) anddocosohexaenoic acid (DHA C22:6 ω3). Fish oil concentratescontaining these fatty acids are sold as pharmaceuticalpreparations.See also cod liver oil; halibut; menhaden.fish, oily anchovy, herring, mackerel, pilchard, salmon,sardine, trout, tuna, whitebait, containing about 15% fat(varying from 5 to 20% through the year) and containing 10–40µg vitamin D per 100 g, as distinct from white fish, whichcontain 1–2% fat and only a trace of vitamin D.See also fish, pelagic.fish paste A spread made from ground fish and cereal. In UK,legally contains not less than 70% fish.fish, pelagic Literally ‘of or pertaining to the ocean’ – fish normallycaught at or near the surface of the sea. Mainly the migratory,shoaling, seasonal fish; oily fish (see fish, oily) such asherring, mackerel, pilchard and tuna.fish protein concentrate Deodorised, decolorised, defatted fishmeal, also known as fish flour.fish solubles See stickwater.fish tester Instrument for assessing the freshness of fish by measuringdielectric properties of skin and muscle, developed as theGR Torrymeter by the (now disestablished) Torry ResearchStation in Scotland.fish, white Non-oily fish, e.g. cod, dogfish, haddock, halibut,plaice, saithe, skate, sole, whiting. See fish, demersal.fistula An abnormal connection between two hollow organs, orbetween a hollow organ and the external environment; mayoccur as a result of infection, injury or surgery.